Japanese Space Activity

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Japanese Space Activity on Exoplanets (JAXAs
prespective)
Pathways to Habitable Planets September 16,
2009 Takao Nakagawa (ISAS/JAXA)
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Where are we from ? Are we alone ?
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Scientific Goals

• What are the conditions for planetary formation ?
• Incl. detection and characterization of habitable
  planets.

• Formation of proto-planetary disk
• Condensation of dust
• Formation and growth of planetesimals
• Formation of rocky planets and planetary cores
• Formation of giant planets
• Dissipation of gas

Diversity and Unified Scheme
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Synergy

• Astronomy
• Remote Sensing

• Planetary Science
• In situ measurements

Hayabusas view of Itokawa
AKARIs view of HIP7978
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Strategy to reveal the conditions of Planetary
Formations

• Protoplanetary disk
• Line spectroscopy in MIRFIR (mm)
• IR Obs Inner disk, complementary to ALMA
• Condensation of dust and formation of
  planetesimals
• Thermal imaging in MIR and FIR
• Formation of Giant Planets
• Direct detection and spectroscopy MIR
  coronagraph
• Spectroscopy using transits Stable MIR
  Spectrometer
• Dissipation of Gas
• Sensitive MIR spectrometer (H2)
• Formation of Habitable planets
• Detection of biomarkers

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Overview of SPICA
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Mission Overview

• Specifications
• Telescope 3.5m, 5 K
• Revolving CIB at its energy peak
• Foramtion of Planetary Systems
• Core wavelength 5-210 µm
• MIR Instrument
• Including Coronagraph Spectro.
• Far-Infrared Instrument (SAFARI)
• Orbit Sun-Earth L2 Halo
• Mission Life
• 3 years (nominal)
• 5 years (goal)
• No expendables
• Weight 3.6 t
• Launch 2018

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Focal Plane Instruments
Herschel
JWST
l/dl (dv)
SPICA
30000(10 km s-1)
Good Sensitivity
3000(100 km s-1)
?
300(100 km s-1)
WIDE FOV
2 mm
20 mm
200 mm
Unique Capability optimized for mid- and
far-infrared
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Huge Gain of Sensitivity !
Photometry
Spectroscopy
Herschel
2.5 orders
2 orders
SPICA/ SAFARI
SPICA
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SPICA for the study of formation process of
planets
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Disk Meneralogy and Snow Line
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Characterization of Giant Planets

• SPICA Coronagraphy
• High Contrast (106-7)
• Continuous Spectral Coverage with R200
• ? 3.5 28µm
• Moderate IWA (1)
• Transit Spectroscopy
• High dynamic range (fast readout)
• Pointing Stability
• FPC-G for stability
• IFU for good photometric stability
• Characterization of IR detectors
• Dofocusing

Model Atmosphere by Burrows et al. (2003) For
2Mj, 100 Myr planets around G2V star Simulated
for SPICA coronagraph (Kotani)
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SPICA as an International Mission
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International Collaboration Scheme
SPICA Steering Committee
Science Advisory Committee

• JAXA SPICA team System Integration

Joint System Engineering Team
FPI SAFARI
FPIFPC
FPIBLISS
Telescope
FPIMIRsSCI

• Korean Team (TBD)
• NAOJ (TBD)

• NASA
• Team (TBD)

• ESA
• I/F Management

• JAXA
• Integration
• (test _at_lt10K)

• JAXA
• Subsystem
• Integrator

• SAFARI Consortium
• System Integration

• Japanese Group

• ESA
• Manufacturing
• (test _at_ 80K)

European Teams
Japanese Teams
? FPI Focal Plane Instrument SAFARI
SPICA Far-Infrared Instrument MIRs Mid
Infrared Insturuments (MIRACLE,MIRMES,MIRHES)
BLISS Background-Limited Infrared-Submikimeter
Spectrograph FPC Focal Plane finding
Camera
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Schedule
Project Approval Review
APPROVED
APPROVED
CV Down Selection
CV Final Selection
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Japanese Perspectiveon Pathways to Habitable
Planets
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Japanese Perspective

• The enterprise to achieve the ultimate goal
  (detection and characterization of habitable
  planets) should be international
• JTPF WG activity (M. Tamura s talk)
• Concrete and coherent strategy with important
  mile stones.
• SPICA is a very important mile stone
• Scientific achievements
• Technology development

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RD strategy

• Coronagraph
• SPICA
• Enyas talk
• Posters (Kotani, Haze)
• Interferometry
• FITE (Shibais poster)
• Test Bed
• Small satellite series
• E.G. 60cm telescope on ASNARO

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Where are we from ? Are we alone ?
Space Odyssey in 2018