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Communication and Information Technology Management

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The Communication Process. Figure 13.2. 13-11. Verbal & Nonverbal Communication. Verbal ... Nonverbal ... advantage of verbal and nonverbal signals. Provides for instant ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Communication and Information Technology Management


1
Communication and Information Technology
Management
Chapter
2
Information and the Managers Job
  • Data
  • Raw, unsummarized, and unanalyzed facts.
  • Information
  • Data that is organized in a meaningful fashion

3
Attributes of Useful Information
4
Information Systems and Technology
  • Information Technology the means by which
    information is acquired, organized, stored,
    manipulated, and transmitted

5
What is Information Technology?
  • Management Information System An information
    system that managers plan and design to provide
    themselves with the specific information they need

6
Information and Decisions
  • Most of management is about making decisions
  • To make effective decisions, managers need
    information, both from inside and outside the
    organization

7
Information and Control
  • Managers achieve control by
  • establishing measurable goals
  • measuring actual performance
  • compare actual performance with goals
  • take any corrective action
  • Managers must have information to achieve control
    over any organizational activity

8
Communication and Management
  • Communication
  • The sharing of information between two or more
    individuals or groups to reach a common
    understanding.

9
Communication and Management
  • Importance of Good Communication
  • Increased efficiency in new technologies and
    skills
  • Improved quality of products and services
  • Increased responsiveness to customers
  • More innovation through communication

10
The Communication Process
Figure 13.2
11
Verbal Nonverbal Communication
  • Verbal Communication
  • The encoding of messages into words, either
    written or spoken
  • Nonverbal
  • The encoding of messages by means of facial
    expressions, body language, and styles of dress.

12
The Dangers of Ineffective Communication
  • Managers and their subordinates can become
    effective communicators by
  • Selecting an appropriate medium for each
    messagethere is no one best medium.
  • Considering information richness
  • A medium with high richness can carry much more
    information to aid understanding.

13
Information Richness
  • The amount of information that a communication
    medium can carry
  • The extent to which the medium enables the sender
    and receiver to reach a common understanding

14
Communication Media
  • Face-to-Face
  • Has highest information richness.
  • Can take advantage of verbal and nonverbal
    signals.
  • Provides for instant feedback.
  • Spoken Communication Electronically Transmitted
  • Has the second highest information richness.
  • Telephone conversations are information rich with
    tone of voice, senders emphasis, and quick
    feedback, but provide no visual nonverbal cues.

15
Communication Media
  • Personally Addressed Written Communication
  • Has a lower richness than the verbal forms of
    communication, but still is directed at a given
    person.
  • Excellent media for complex messages requesting
    follow-up actions by receiver
  • Impersonal Written Communication
  • Has the lowest information richness.
  • Good for messages to many receivers where little
    or feedback is expected (e.g., newsletters,
    reports)

16
Information Overload
  • A superabundance of information that increases
    the likelihood that important information is
    ignored or overlooked and tangential information
    receives attention

17
The Information Technology Revolution
  • Computer Networks
  • Networking
  • The exchange of information through a group or
    network of interlinked computers
  • Servers are powerful computers that relay
    information to client computers connected on a
    Local Area Network (LAN).

18
Types of Information Systems
  • Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
  • Systems designed to handle large volumes of
    routine transactions.
  • First computer-based information systems handling
    billing, payroll, and supplier payments.
  • Operations Information Systems (OIS)
  • Systems that gather, organize, and summarize
    comprehensive data in a form of value to
    managers.
  • Can help managers with non-routine decisions such
    as customer service and productivity.

19
Types of Information Systems
  • Decision Support Systems (DSS)
  • An interactive computer-based management
    information system with model-building capability
    that managers can use when they must make
    non-routine decisions

20
Types of Information Systems
  • Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence
  • Employ human knowledge captured in a computer to
    solve problems that ordinarily require human
    expertise.
  • Uses artificial Intelligence to recognize,
    formulate, solve problems, and learn from
    experience.

21
Limitations of Information Systems
  • Loss of the Human Element
  • Information systems cannot present all kinds of
    information accurately.
  • Thick information, which is rich in meaning and
    not quantifiable, is best suited to human
    analysis.
  • Information systems should support face-to-face
    communication, and not be expected to replace it
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