Nonverbal Communication

1
Chapter 5

• Nonverbal Communication

2
After studying the material in this chapter. . .

• You should understand
• the characteristics of nonverbal communication.
• the differences between verbal and nonverbal
  communication.
• how culture and gender influence nonverbal
  communication

3
After studying the material in this chapter. . .

• You should understand
• the functions that nonverbal communication can
  serve.
• how the types of nonverbal communication
  described in this chapter function.

4
After studying the material in this chapter. . .

• You should be able to
• identify and describe nonverbal behaviour in
  various contexts.
• identify nonverbal behaviours that repeat,
  substitute for, complement, accent, regulate, and
  contradict verbal messages.

5
After studying the material in this chapter. . .

• You should be able to
• recognize the emotional and relational dimensions
  of your own nonverbal behaviour.
• share your interpretation of another persons
  nonverbal behaviour in a tentative manner when
  such sharing is appropriate.

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Chapter highlights

• Nonverbal communication has several important
  characteristics
• Unlike verbal communication, it is always present
  when people encounter one another and in many
  situations where they arent physically present.

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Chapter highlights

• It has great value in conveying information about
  others, and much of that information isnt
  something others intentionally want to reveal.
• It is especially useful in suggesting how others
  feel about you and the relationship, although
  nonverbal messages are much more ambiguous than
  verbal communication.

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Chapter highlights

• While much nonverbal communication is universal,
  some factors do shape the way we express
  ourselves and understand others.
• Culture shapes many nonverbal practices.
• Gender plays a role in the way we communicate.

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Chapter highlights

• Nonverbal communication serves many functions,
  when compared to verbal messages.
• It can repeat, complement, and accent spoken
  words.
• Sometimes it can substitute for speech.
• It can regulate spoken conversation.
• It can contradict spoken words, or even deceive
  others.

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Chapter highlights

• Nonverbal communication can take many forms. Some
  of these forms may be obvious
• posture and gesture
• face and eyes
• voice
• touch
• physical appearance and attractiveness

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Chapter highlights

• Other forms are more subtle, involving things
  like
• personal space and distance,
• use of time, and
• physical environment.

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Characteristics of nonverbal communication

• Nonverbal communication exists.
• Nonverbal behaviour has communicative value.
• Nonverbal communication is primarily relational.
• Nonverbal communication is ambiguous.

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• Nonverbal communication is different from verbal
  communication.
• Nonverbal skills are important.

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Table 5.1
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Table 5.2
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Influences on nonverbal communication

• Culture
• Gender

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Functions of nonverbal communication

• Repeating
• Substituting
• Complementing
• Accenting
• Regulating
• Contradicting
• Deceiving

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Table 5.3
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Types of nonverbal communication

• Posture and gesture
• Face and eyes
• Voice
• Touch
• Physical attractiveness
• Clothing

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Types of nonverbal communication

• Distance
• Time
• Territoriality
• Environment

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Figure 5.1

• Ideal speakers voice types in Mexico and the
  United States