Chapter 5 Notes

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Chapter 5 Notes Europe Discovers the New World
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• I. The Age of Discovery
• A. In Europe, the Age of Discovery was
  beginning
• -Europeans wanting control of Far East,
  especially Indies
• B. Columbus discovers the New World
• 1. landed on island of San Salvador
• 2. had a total of four explorations
• 3. Amerigo Vespucci
• -Italian businessman who traveled w/ Columbus
  on later voyage, called the area the New
  World
• -later a Swiss mapmaker named the continents
  after Vespucci AMERICA
• C. Spain claims the New World
• 1. problems between Spain and Portugal
• 2. Pope Alexander VI gets involved
• a. 1493 decrees dividing line to New World
  between them Line of Demarcation
• -all lands to east are claimed by Portugal,
  all to west are Spain
• b. negotiate new line Treaty of Tordesillas
• D. English claims the New World
• 1. England send John Cabot out in 1497 and
  1498
• -England claims North Americas eastern
  seaboard saying Cabots voyages gave England
  the rights to it
• 2. Spain suggests right of first discovery

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• 3. Englands proposed first discovery claim
  had to be followed by actual occupation
  must colonize the land
• all agreed that they did not need permission
  from the Native Americans
• II. Spain comes to the southeast
• A. God, glory, and gold
• B. First Spanish explorer in what is today
  United States was Juan Ponce de Leon
• 1. in search of riches, adventure, and
  fountain of youth
• 2. found Florida (Isla Florida or La Florida)
• C. first European settlement in North America
• 1. believed to be Hernando de Sotos group
• 2. found new evidence of 1526 expedition of
  Lucas Vazquez Ayllon
• a. expedition to colonize part of La Florida
  (present day GA is part)
• b. settled in todays McIntosh County, GA
• -San Miguel de Gualdape
• c. colony was abandoned and failed (150 out of
  600 returned to Hispaniola)
• D. Hernando de Soto explores GA
• 1. looking for gold didnt find much
• 2. shortage of food stole from natives
• 3. fate of natives

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• E. French claims in the southeast
• 1. Giovanni de Verrazano
• -sailed up North American coast
• 2. Verrazanos exploration basis for claim to
  North America
• 3. 1562, Jean Ribault (Jahn Re-bow) and 150
  Huguenots sailed to North America and settled
  north of present-day Savannah
• -French protestants
• -Constructed Charles Fort
• -first European fort on North American
  inland
• 4. 1564, second group settled in Florida
• a. Fort Caroline
• b. Spanish outraged
• -protestants on Catholic land
• 5. 1565, Pedro Menendez and colonists sail from
  Spain
• a. to push Huguenots out
• b. surprise raid on Fort Caroline
• c. captured Fort and executed the French
  Huguenot defenders
• F. Spanish settlements in La Florida
• 1. St. Augustine
• -became an important military and political
  base

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• 3. Juanillo Rebellion
• a. many natives didnt like the Christian
  guidelines
• b. 1597, Don Juanillo, a Guale Indian, was
  next in line to be chief
• 1. he had two wives against Christian
  ways, friars said he was not fit to be
  king and named another tribal member king
• 2. kills the friar who denied his chiefdom
• 3. after murder, Juanillo called for other
  Guale chiefs to revolt against Spanish
  missionaries
• 4. one by one the missions fell
• III. England comes to North America
• A. England determined to enjoy a share of New
  World trade and Spain refused
• B. 1586, Sir Frances Drake attacked and burned
  St. Augustine
• C. by 1604, peace treaty signed and England
  began claiming its share of North America
• D. King James I plans to establish colonies
• 1. issued a charter to some merchants for a
  new colony the Virginia Company
• 2. Virginias settlers selected site near
  James River
• a. Named it James Town (later Jamestown)
  after King James I
• b. became Englands first permanent
  settlement
• E. reasons for wanting colonies in North
  America
• 1. compete with other countries for power and
  glory
• 2. economic gains

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• 3. provide a home for the poor in England and
  give them hope for new life
• 4. a home for religious groups to practice
  without discrimination
• a. Puritans spoke out against the Church of
  England they wanted reform or change
• b. Separatists wanted to break away and
  create a new church
• -Pilgrims come from this group
• F. Types of colonies
• 1. Corporate Colony
• 2. Proprietary Colony
• 3. Royal Colony
• G. England creates Carolina
• 1. Charles Town (Charleston)
• H. A new colony south of the Savannah River
• 1. Sir Robert Montgomery -at his own expense
• a. Name was to be Azilia and buffer South
  Carolina from Spanish, French and Indian
  attacks
• b. couldnt raise enough money plans
  postponed
• 2. John Barnwell requests for small forts
• a. first one built near Altamaha River
• b. sickness, climate, and insects, garrison
  unhappy and fort was abandoned
• 3. Jean Pierre Purry of Switzerland proposal
  failed but the name he suggested for the
  colony survived -named after King George II, he
  suggested two Georgine and Georgia