Chapter 13 Using an Integrated Development Environment

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Chapter 13Using an Integrated Development
Environment
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Understanding RAD
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• Rapid Application Development is used extensively
  in object-oriented development
• You perform some analysis, then some design, then
  some programming, then the cycle repeats itself

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Understanding RAD
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Understanding RAD
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• New software development tools now meet the
  demand for RAD
• Goal of RAD is to radically reduce the time it
  takes to develop and implement a system
• RAD makes extensive use of prototyping
• A prototype is a model or mock-up of how
  something will look or act
• One of the main purposes of prototypes is to
  allow users and programmers to define system
  requirements quickly and accurately

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Understanding RAD
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• The strategy is to develop the core features
  first, and get the look and feel of them before
  implementing other aspects of the system
• Reducing what you try to implement is a strategy
  for reducing development time
• User involvement in the process helps to identify
  problems early in the development process
• IDEs that support RAD have been widely adopted by
  the industry

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Understanding RAD
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Exploring the Role and Benefits of an IDE

• An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a
  set of tools that helps to
• Code
• Test
• Document
• Include many tools that support the development
  process
• Text editors
• Simplify code organization
• Make it easy to compile and execute applications
• Provide debugging facilities
• Assist with documentation

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Exploring the Role and Benefits of an IDE

• Forte is an IDE provided by Sun
• Features
• Tools that let you organize and work with groups
  of related programs
• Source editor that includes code completion and
  syntactical formatting
• Visual GUI editor
• Tools to compile and run programs
• Debugging facilities
• Documentation generator

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Benefits of Program Management Tools
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• A project is a mechanism for grouping related
  programs together so they are easier to manage
  and work on
• Advantages of projects
• Can restrict your view to work only with those
  files in the current project
• Designate the main project class so that running
  and debugging is easier
• Can customize settings to control the look and
  feel of the workspaces
• A package is a folder that contains your program

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Benefits of The Source Editor
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• Color coding
• Keywords appear in blue
• Comments appear in gray
• String literals appear in magenta
• Automatic indentation
• Code completion
• Type the first few characters and Forte will show
  you possible matches
• Short cut keys
• Cut/Copy/Paste
• Search

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Benefits of The GUI Editor

• Select icons to represent various GUI components
• Buttons
• Radio buttons
• Text fields
• Lists
• Use layout managers and nested panels
• Automatically generates appropriate code
• Attach listeners

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Benefits of Compilation and Execution Tools
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• You can compile and execute with a single click
• Syntax errors are displayed in the Output window
• Run time errors displayed in a separate window

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Benefits of the Debugging Tool
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• Helps to isolate logic errors
• Set watch variables and see their values change
  as the program executes
• Set and remove breakpoints to follow your code as
  it executes

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Benefits of the Documentation Generator
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• Create documentation for information contained
  within your source code
• Documentation generated in HTML
• Include information other programmers need to use
  public methods
• Helps support code reusability

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Forte System Requirements
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Forte Basics A Quick Tour

• Double-click the Forte for Java CE icon
• Clear the Show Welcome Screen on Startup checkbox
  then close the window
• The Forte main window appears
• If other windows open (such as Explorer or
  Properties window) close or minimize

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Forte Basics A Quick Tour
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• To access getting started materials
• Click Help, then Contents
• Maximize the help window
• Click the Contents tab in the left pane
• Click on the Getting Started folder
• Click the links to browse materials
• Close the Help window

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Forte Basics A Quick Tour
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• To run the online tutorial
• Access the Help materials
• Click the Core IDE materials in the left pane
• Click the Creating the ColorSwitch application
  link
• Click the links as needed to complete the
  tutorial
• Close or minimize the Help window when finished

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Understanding the Main Window

• Toolbars are provided for commonly used commands
• Use screen tips to learn the button functions
• The component palette contains tabs that allow
  you to create GUI applications using Swing and AWT

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Understanding the Workspaces
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• There are five workspaces in Forte
• Editing
• GUI Editing
• Browsing
• Running
• Debugging

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Exploring the Editing Workspace

• Used to create or modify
• Java
• HTML
• Plain text
• Source editor supports
• Copy/Cut/Paste
• Color-coding
• Indentation
• Code completion
• Customize by clicking on the Tools, Options menu
  items
• When using auto-complete use CtrlL and CtrlK to
  scroll forward and backward through matches

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Exploring the GUI Editing Workspace
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• Use the component palette to visually add
  components to the Form Editor window
• Use the Component Inspector to adjust the
  properties of a component and establish event
  listeners and event handling methods

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Exploring the GUI Editing Workspace
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Exploring the Browsing Workspace
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Exploring the Running Workspace

• Opens when you run your program
• Runtime errors are displayed in a separate window
• Opens to display compile errors
• Once your program compiles it is executed

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Exploring the Running Workspace
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Exploring the Debugging Workspace
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Exploring Other Windows and Status Bar
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Creating a Simple GUI Program
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Creating a Simple GUI Program
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• Start Forte
• If Explorer window is not visible, click View,
  Explorer menu items
• Verify the default project is loaded
• To create a new Program, click File, New menu
  items

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Creating a Simple GUI Program

• Indicate this will be a Swing application, then
  click Next
• Specify the name of your program and the package
  which it will belong to in the Target Location
  Pane
• Click Yes to add your program to the Forte
  default project

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Creating a Simple GUI Program
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Creating a Simple GUI Program
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Designing the Form

• Click the Layouts tab, and then Click the
  GridLayout button

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Designing the Form
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• Click anywhere in the Form Editor window
• Change the Gridsize to one column and two rows
  click the GridLayout node to display its
  properties
• Click the default value of 0 for number of
  columns, then enter a 1, and press enter
• Click the Rows value, and then type 2

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Adding a Label
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• Click the Swing tab, and then click the JLabel
  button

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Adding a Label
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• Click anywhere in the Form Editor window

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Adding a Label

• To change the font of the label, scroll through
  the properties

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Adding a Label

• Click Arial for the font, Bold for the font
  style, click 14 for the font size, and then click
  OK
• To change the color of the label, scroll through
  the Properties and locate the Foreground property
  click to open a drop down list
• To center the label, click the horizontalAlignment
  property and select CENTER
• Change the text of the label by selecting the
  text property

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Adding a Button
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• Select the JButton tab on the Swing tab component
• Click anywhere in the Form Editor
• In the Properties pane click the Font property
  and change the font to Comic Sans Ms, bold, 24
  point, then click OK
• Scroll down to the text property and enter Push
  Me!!

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Making the Buttons Work
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• Click the JButton1 node in the Component
  Inspector
• Click the Events tab, and then select the
  actionPerformed property
• Forte switches to the Source Editor window where
  the code to add the listener and the event
  handling stub have been added
• Add code at the comment //Add your code handling
  here
• To save the file select the File, Save menu items

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Compiling and Executing

• Click the Build then Compile menu items
• To run click the Build then Execute menu items
• Click the Push Me!! button
• When finished close the application

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Using Forte to Build the Marina Application
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• Create a new project
• Click the Project menu bar, then Project Manager,
  then New
• Delete the current project name and enter
  Bradshaw Marina

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Create a New File

• Create a new file
• Click File, New menu items
• This is a Swing application, so click the expand
  button and then click JFrame
• In the name text box enter CustomerGUI
• If Forte asks if you want to include the program
  in the current workspace click Yes

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Designing the Form
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• Change the layout and add the logo
• Click on the Layouts tab
• Click anywhere in the Form Editor window
• Use the Component Inspector to change the grid
  size to 1 column and 3 rows
• Add the Bradshaw Marina logo to the upper cell
  using the JLabel component
• Change the name of the JLabel to logoLabel
• Use the component inspector to change the font,
  foreground, horizontal alignment, and text
  properties

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Create the Inner Panel

• Click the CustomerGUI node to select the entire
  frame
• Click the JPanel button on the Swing pane
• Click in the Form editor
• Rename the panel to centerPanel

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Change the Panel Layout

• Click the expand button to the left of the
  centerPanel node. Right click the FlowLayout
  node, and then select GridLayout
• Change the number of rows and columns to 2 and 3
  respectively

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Add Labels and TextFields

• Select the centerPanel in the Component Inspector
• Add the name label by selecting the JLabel button
• Use the Component Inspector and change the text
  to Name and horizontalAlignment property to
  RIGHT
• Select the centerPanel again by clicking the
  centerPanel node
• Add the Name textfield
• Change the name of the textfield to
  customerNameText
• Repeat to add labels and textfields for address
  and phone

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Create Lower Panel and Buttons
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• Select the CustomerGUI node in the component
  inspector
• Click the JPanel button
• Rename the panel to lowerPanel
• Add a button to the lower panel by selecting the
  JButton icon
• Rename the button addButton
• Use the Component inspector to change the text
  property to Add
• Repeat these steps for the Clear and Close buttons

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Set the Form Title
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• Select the CustomerGUI node
• Select the title property in the Component
  Inspector and change to Add a Customer
• Click File, Save to save your work!

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Making the Buttons Work
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• Click the addButton in the Component Inspector
• Click the Events tab, then click on the
  actionPerformed property
• Add the appropriate code
• Repeat for the Clear and Close buttons

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Add the Customer Class and Execute
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• Copy the Customer.java file from your CD to the
  director where your CustomerGUI.java file is
  saved
• Open the Customer.java file
• Accept adding the file to your package
• Click Tools, and then Add to Project
• Click the CustomerGUI tab to return to that
  program and then compile

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Using the Debugger
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• A set of tools that monitor your program while it
  is running
• Set break points
• Observer values of variables during run time

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Getting Started with the Debugger

• Close any programs currently loaded
• Open the CalculateElectricBill.java program
• Compile and Execute the program

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Setting Breakpoints and Watch Variables
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• Locate line 127 in the Source Editor
• Select this line of code and then click Debug on
  the menu bar, then click Add Breakpoint
• To set a watch, select the startReading variable
  in the source editor, then right click, and then
  select Add Watch
• Click OK to establish the watch
• Repeat steps 3-4 for the endReading, kwhUsed, and
  amtDue variables

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Monitor Watch Variables and Breakpoints

• Start the debugger by select the Debug and Start
  menu items
• Enter 200 for starting reading and 500 for ending
  reading
• When the breakpoint is reached the debugger
  pauses the execution of your program
• Click the Watches tab and you will see current
  variable values
• To resume execution press CtrlF5

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Monitor Watch Variables and Breakpoints
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Finding and Correcting Program Errors

• Force a run time error enter A for the starting
  reading and B for the ending reading
• Add the try catch block

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Stepping Through a Program
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• Use F8 to step over
• Use F7 to step into
• Use CtrlF7 to step out
• Use CtrlF5 to resume execution

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Generating Javadoc Documentation
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• To generate documentation use the Tools, and
  Generate Javadoc menu items