Prevention: Moving Upstream

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Laying the Foundation The Strategic Vision for
RPE
Corinne Graffunder, DrPH, MPH National Center
for Injury Prevention and Control October 2009
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• Presentation Overview

• Rape Prevention and Education (RPE)
• Prevention Science
• The Economics of Prevention
• Community Prevention Efforts

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RPE Mission and Vision

• Vision A World free of sexual violence because
  society, communities, relationships and
  individuals support this goal.
• Mission Creating social conditions, systems and
  environments to prevent sexual violence before it
  occurs by mobilizing partners, key constituents
  and communities by educating adults, youth and
  children and by training professionals.

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• Funded via VAWA since 1994
• 7 Legislatively Permitted Uses
• 2 Added Priorities (2006)
• National Sexual Violence Resource Center funding

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• Additional Priorities (2006)
• Develop a comprehensive primary prevention plan
• Implement evidence-based and culturally relevant
  primary prevention programming
• Community mobilization
• Policy and norms change
• Collaboration and coordination

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RPE New Co-op
Underserved Co-op
RPE
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The ProblemChild maltreatment affects health
across the lifespan
Prevention Science

• Preventing child maltreatment are strategic
• Child Development is about population health and
  adult health
• The potential benefits are very large

No epidemic has ever been resolved by paying
attention to (only) the treatment of the
affected individuals.
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The Evolution of Prevention

• Raising Awareness/ Keep SV from
• Reporting happening
• Let 1,000 Flowers Bloom More Systematic
  Approach
• Prevention on the cheap Requires , but
• cost effective
• Focus on outcomes Focus on causes,
  risk/protective
• factors

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Prevention involves

• Stopping the violence before it starts
• Recognizing that no one factor causes sexual
  violence
• Developing comprehensive programs that address
  multiple factors
• Re-weaving social fabric

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The Evolution of Prevention

• Raising Awareness/ Keep SV from
• Reporting happening
• Let 1,000 Flowers Bloom More Systematic
  Approach
• Prevention on the cheap Requires , but
• cost effective
• Focus on outcomes Focus on causes,
  risk/protective
• factors

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Testing What Works

• Exploring Bullying Behavior and Sexual Violence
  Perpetration
• Mentoring Strategies in Sexual and Intimate
  Partner Violence
• Popular Opinion Leader (POL) Green Dot KY
• Bystander Intervention

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The Evolution of Prevention

• Raising Awareness/ Keep SV from
• Reporting happening
• Let 1,000 Flowers Bloom More Systematic
  Approach
• Prevention on the cheap Requires , but
• cost effective
• Focus on outcomes Focus on causes,
  risk/protective
• factors

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Principles of Effective Prevention Programs

1. Appropriately Timed
2. Comprehensive
3. Outcome Evaluation
4. Positive Relationships
5. Socio-culturally Relevant
6. Sufficient Dosage
7. Theory-based
8. Varied Teaching Methods
9. Well-trained Staff

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Comprehensive Prevention Programming
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The Evolution of Prevention

• Raising Awareness/ Keep SV from
• Reporting happening
• Let 1,000 Flowers Bloom More Systematic
  Approach
• Prevention on the cheap Requires , but
• cost effective
• Focus on outcomes Focus on causes,
  risk/protective
• factors

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High-Risk Versus Population Factors Associated
with Sexual Violence Perpetration

• High-Risk Factors
• Prior perpetration
• Physiological arousal
• Adverse Childhood Experiences
• Lack social skills
• Familial dysfunction
• Social dislocation

• Population Factors
• Cultural norms/beliefs
• Systemic conditions that foster isolation,
  climate of denial, etc
• Media portrayals of women and children as sexual
  objects

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The ScienceIdentifying Effective and Cost
Efficient Prevention Strategies

• Establishing clear definitions and building
  systems to track child maltreatment and SSNRs
• Improving the effectiveness of home visitation
  programs
• Identifying core components increasing
  participation in parenting programs
• Evaluating the effectiveness of population-based
  parenting programs
• Assessing the impact of strategies to prevent
  shaken baby syndrome

Prevention Economics
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Are you?

• Working in schools providing educational
  sessions?
• Working in schools to train teachers or staff?
• Working with schools or school boards to review
  policies and procedures?
• Working to expand the number of partners engaged
  in promoting school policies, procedures, or
  programs?

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The ActionStrategic Partnerships and Diffusing
What Works
Fostering Community Prevention Efforts

• Because Kids Count!
• Child maltreatment partnership meeting
• Policies and procedures for preventing sexual
  abuse in child-serving organizations
• Collaborations to prevent child sexual abuse
• Framing and better communication

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Population/Community Methods

• Social marketing techniques
• Policy Strategies
• Community engagement political will
• Goals change knowledge, attitudes, and behavior

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Fostering community prevention efforts
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Future DirectionImplementing your Plan

• Leadership
• Organizational Support
• Competency

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• In order to build a society that abhors violence
  we have to be able to imagine it. We have to
  dare to dream what our stories will be in a world
  that honors all human feeling.but that dishonors
  their expression in ways that violate the other.
  
• Sandra Campbell. Creating Redemptive Imagery
  A Challenge of Resistance and Creativity.
  Transforming a Rape Culture.

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For More Information Visit CDCs National Center
for Injury Prevention and Control web
site www.cdc.gov/ncipc The findings and
conclusions of this presentation have not been
formally disseminated by the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention and should not be
construed to represent any agency determination
or policy.