Title: Perils of Powerpoint
1Media policy for MA and PDMM
2Well address
- What is policy whats its purpose?
31.INTERNAL, EXTERNAL
4Typical internal policy areas
- Editorial issues
- Independence, plagiarism, ethics.
- Business issues
- Smoking, leave.
5Typical internal policy gaps
- Editorial issues
- Covering poverty, environment, human rights.
- Business issues
- training, BEE
6Typical external policy
- Broadcasting
- sectors
- local content
- elections
- psb
- Convergence gap.
- Qtn how external is external? (Bridges, Panos,
Reader 1).
7Some key external issues
- Adapted from Steyn
- Deregulation or re-regulation
- Liberalisation
- Corporatisation/commercialisation
- Privatisation
- Concentration laws
8More external issues in media policy
- Public broadcaster
- Freedom of expression
- Diversity
- Social/cultural issues language, nationhood
- Convergence
9Policy overflow overlap
- Crede and Mansell (p76), WEF sectoral policies
health, education, etc.
media policy
telecoms policy
ICT policy
industrial policy
technology policy
Berger one policy or one philosophy? James
vertical, horizontal, macro
102. DEFINITIONS
11What is policy, whats it for?
- How does policy differ from regulation, codes,
laws? - Key assumptions distinctions
- a framework, or a plan, or a law?
- to guide, or direct, or govern?
- informal or semiformal, or formal?
- based on values/principles, norms or standards?
- Is yr take weak or medium or strong?
-
12Think points
- Your definition sheds light on the question
Whats the point of policy? - It locates policy in the sequence of
- Vision ( values, assumptions/givens)
- Mission (and broad strategy)
- POLICY (making choices in context)
- Law
- Regulations codes
- Practice
132. ANALYSIS BY QUESTIONS
14Classic journalists qtns applied to policy
- What is it?
- Who is involved in policy?
- Where are they?
- When are they involved?
- How are they involved?
- Why policy?
- So what?
15What is it about?
- Role of state in comms?
- Media, broadcast, telecoms?
- Standards technical, cultural
- Carriers, integration, connections
- Control and ownerships
- Content and language
- Access complaints, services
- Degree of independence
16What is it in character?
- Formal, or informal?
- Legal or not?
- Effective?
- Measurable?
- Reviewable?
17Who is involved in policy?
- Who makes it?
- govt, regulators, judges, consultants, owners,
international organisations, directors, editors,
managers, staff, civil soc, global professionals,
men . .. (see Lichem) - Who is affected?
- media, investors, sports groups, telecoms
companies, citizens
18Where is it?
- Govt, presidency, parliament, party caucusses,
hearings enquiries, regulator, civil service,
courts, media, golf courses, London, NY, Geneva. - Is it in the public sphere or not?
19When policy?
- When made?
- law-making, crises, social and technological
changes, political pressures, court cases, global
fashions, conferences - political will and capacity
- retrospective vs forward looking
- When effected?
- when power bureaucracy active
20How policy?
- Ad hoc, or planned process?
- Role of values, vision, philosophy
- Interests articulated, aggregated
- Role of info and research,
- Participation or not?
- Accountability public opinion.
- Budget and costs factor
- How it is supposed to work
- policy as hypothesis
21Why policy?
- Ans framing power
- to avoid or pre-empt problems. (Note problems
for who? How IDd?) - to enable and empower for solutions
- to prioritise allocate resources
- structure promote economic life
- balance conflicting interests
- citizenship, education, nationalism.
22So what about policy?
- Ans to engineer
- knowledge-gap media-tool assumptions
- media-scape, but leakage.
- relates to law, regulation, practice.
- implementation gap issues of budgets,
resources, capacity. - visionary stretch vs realistic trim?
- policy overload problems.
23Golding Policy focus
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
MEDIA CONTENTS
24Golding Policy ethos
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
interventionist
liberal
MEDIA CONTENTS
interventionist
liberal
25Golding Policy systems
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
interventionist
liberal
MEDIA CONTENTS
Authoritarian Free market strong state
Regulatory Libertarian
interventionist
liberal
26Golding Policy systems
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
interventionist
liberal
MEDIA CONTENTS
Authoritarian Free market strong state
Regulatory Libertarian
Note label
interventionist
liberal
27Summing up
- Internal external
- Definitions
- Proper place of policy
- What, who, where, when, how, why and so-what?
- Policy on content, on industry structure
- Interventionist vs liberal ethos, systems
- Reading Berger, Steyn.