Bacteria

1
Bacteria Characteristics
2
Cell Structure

• Prokaryote no nucleus
• DNA/Chromosome floats freely in cytoplasm
• Ribosomes create proteins
• Flagella used in movement
• Pili act as anchors
• Capsule outer coating
• Endospore cocoon to protect DNA in harsh times

3
Bacteria Reproduction

• Binary Fission asexual reproduction where one
  cell splits into two cells
• Both cells have identical sets of DNA
• No genetic diversity

• Conjugation process where DNA is exchanged
• Cells connect by pili
• DNA exchanged
• Creates genetic diversity

4
Nutrition

• Heterotrophs must feed on matter produced by
  others
• Saprophytes feed on dead matter
• Parasites live on/in others
• Break down dead matter
• Essential to healthy ecosystems

5
Nutrition

• Photosynthetic autotrophs create organic
  molecules through photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll contained in the cytoplasm
• Importance 1st life to create oxygen on Earth
• Created ozone layer (O3 ozone)

6
Eubacteria 6th Kingdom?
Salt, heat, acid loving bacteria
7
Helpful Monerans

• In nature, bacteria return nutrients to the soil
• Saprophytes organisms that feed on dead material
• Bacteria have been engineered for human uses
• Food cheese, bread, yogurt, cabbage, sauerkraut
• Medicine antibiotics
• Industry insecticides, fuel, environmental
  cleanup

8
Brush Your Teeth!
Healthy
Gingivitis
Advanced Periodontitis
Moderate Periodontitis
9
Human Population History
10
Strong Survive
Most bacteria killed
Resistant Bacteria Only
Strong Reproduce