NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY

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NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY
PDD56 Past, Present and Future
Institute for National Strategic Studies War
Gaming Center
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Purpose

• To improve interagency planning, management and
  support of complex contingency operations

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Instruments of National Power
Military
Political
Economic
The Problem
Diplomatic
Socio-Cultural
Environmental
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Interagencies
Defense
President
Policy
Resources
Trade
Board of Investments
Transportation Communication
Agriculture
CentralBank
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Participants
US Participants
Other Participants
President
IOs
UN
OAS
OAU
NSC
DOS
OSD
Regional Allies
Deputies
US UN
JCS
NGOs
IWGs
DOJ
OMB
Other Actors
DOT
Other
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Strategic Architecture
Survival, Vital, Peripheral
National aims
National interests
Challenges to National Interests
Domestic-Interagency
National Objectives
National Strategy
Role of Allies
political, economic, military, environmental,
socio-cultural
Design the Plan
Implementation Integration
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Interagency Operations

• Not an organization - a process
• Day to day interaction within agreed policy
• Guidance leading to implementation
• Mechanism for elevating disputed issues
• Resolved at lowest levels or up to DC
• Crisis-generated issues
• Deliberate or rapid in nature

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Intent of the PDD

• Incorporate lessons learned from the past
• Achieve unity of effort within all USG
  participating agencies
• Develop realistic missions tasks
• Facilitate coordination at the operational level
• Review legislative/fiscal authorities

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Interagency Planning Process

• Interagency management can make or break an
  operation
• Interagency process is largely ad hoc
• High turnover in personnel
• No mechanism for passing on lessons learned
• No practice of critical functions

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Interagency Planning

• Initiate planning as directed by the DC
• Assess situation
• On the ground
• US interests
• Develop mission/end state
• Transition/exit strategy follows
• Develop overarching concept

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PDD 56 Directs

• The establishment of an Executive Committee
  (ExComm)
• Supervises routine operations
• Acts as decision making body
• Writing of a pol-mil plan
• Based on 5 paragraph field order format
• Interagency plan rehearsal
• After action review

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ExComm Operations

• Meet regularly and often
• Use pol-mil plan for integrated planning and
  coordinated execution of actions
• Leads interagency drafting of pol-mil plan
• Identifies appropriate issue papers and tasks
• Runs interagency plans review
• Refines plan as necessary
• Ensures follow through on implementation
• Holds agency leaders accountable

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PDD 56 Further Directs

• Training Education
• Annual simulation/training exercise
• NDU/FSI/AWC-PKI
• Dissemination of the procedural handbook
• Currently in draft format - pending funding
  allocation - distribution ASAP
• Agency briefings on PDD 56
• Agency review Implementation
• Linked to structure, budget, personnel, funding

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Interagency Planning

• Initiate planning
• Assess situation
• Situation on the ground
• US interests
• Develop missions and objectives
• Develop overall concept of operations
• Develop individual agency plans into over all
  pol-mil plan
• Review integrated plan
• Adjust and finalize plans

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Interagency Planning (cont)

• Integrate agency plans into after overall pol-mil
  plan is coordinated
• Review integrated plan
• Adjust and finalize plan
• Stay flexible
• No 2 plans look alike
• Implement

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The Pol-Mil Plan

• Situation assessment
• Interests, strategic purpose, mission
• Concept organization
• Preparatory tasks
• Component tasks
• Agency plans

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The Need for Interagency Training

• Interagency management can make or break an
  operation
• Interagency process largely ad hoc
• High turnover in personnel
• No mechanism for passing on lessons learned or
  proven tools
• No practice of exercising critical functions

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Training Objectives

• Clarify interagency tasks and lessons learned
• Develop and exercise planning and decision making
  tools
• Pol-Mil Plan
• Interagency plans review
• Train individual representatives in NCR
• Establish ongoing mechanism for interagency
  community to learn from mistakes and build on
  successes.

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Benefits

• Development and refinement of planning and
  decision making tools
• Better collective understanding of interagency
  tasks, responsibilities and challenges
• Dissemination of lessons learned
• Skills building and prior experience of
  participants
• Establishment of integrated training program

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The Future

• Contingency Planning IWG (CP IWG)
• Assess potential complex contingencies
• Integrate IA into Combatant Command plans
• Oversee training and AARs
• Two meetings thus far - more to follow?
• Executive agent for Trng, Ed and LL?
• Regional off the shelf planning?
• Administration switch over ! ?

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Questions?