Chapter 3: Federalism

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Chapter 3 Federalism

• POLS 111 US Government
• Jacob A. Helton, BA
• for Dr. Hunter

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But first

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Federalist LI (51)

• Paragraph 6
• In republican government, the legislative
  authority necessarily predominates
• Roman Numerals
• I 1
• V 5
• L 50
• C 100
• D 500
• M 1000

3III 40XL 47XLVII 900CM
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Basic Definitions

• Federal System of Government-
• Political authority is divided between
  self-governing parts and the central whole.
• Federalism-
• 267 varied definitions!
• Constitutional arrangement whereby power is
  distributed between a central government and
  subdivisional governments. The national and
  subdivisional governments both exercise direct
  authority over individuals.

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Types of Federalism
Dual Federalism
Layered Cake Federalism
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Types of Federalism
Cooperative Federalism
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Types of Federalism
Marble Cake Federalism
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Types of Federalism
Competitive Federalism
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Types of Federalism
Permissive Federalism
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Types of Federalism
Our Federalism
States enjoy 10th amendment Powers.
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Why Federalism

• Corrects for the negatives of unitary and
  confederal systems
• Unitary becomes too large to effectively manage
• Confederal lacks any central authority for
  disputes
• Allows cultural/ethical differences by region
• ie. States choose decisions on gay marriage and
  abortion
• Encourages experimentation
• Programs tested in smaller environments
• Can be replicated if successful, little harm if
  not
• Government closer to the people

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Powers Granted by Constitution

• Article I, Section 8
• Article I, Section 9
• Article I, Section 10
• Tenth Amendment

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Special Points

• Full Faith and Credit Clause
• Interstate Privileges and Immunities
• Extradition
• Interstate Compacts
• National Supremacy and Preemption
• McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
• Implied National Powers
• NIMBYism

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Loopholes

• Grants
• Categorical-Formula Grants
• Project Grants
• Block Grants
• Mandates
• Direct Orders
• Cross-Cutting Requirements
• Crossover Sanctions
• Total and Partial Preemption

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Questions?