Fabricate Biological Nanomaterials

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Fabricate Biological Nanomaterials through
Molecular Self-assembly CBA Lunch
Discussion Monday, 15 Sept., 2003 Shuguang
Zhang Center for Biomedical Engineering, Center
for Bits Atoms Massachusetts Institute of
Technology Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Molecular Self-assembly of Tetrameric Hemoglobin
Polypeptides
6.4 nm in diameter
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• Molecular Self-assembly Through Weak Interactions
• Hydrogen Bonds
• Ionic Bonds (Electric static interaction, salt
  bridges)
• van der Waals Interactions
• Hydrophobic interactions
• H2O mediated interactions (Water-mediated H-bonds)

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a)
5 nm
1 cm
500 nm
b)
2 nm
100 nm
c)
2 mm
10 cm
150 mm
4 nm
d)
5 nm
5 2.4 nm
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Hidenori Yokoi, NIT MIT
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1 min.
2 min.
4 min.
8 min.
16 min.
32 min.
64 min.
2 hours
24 hours
4 hours
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A Plausible Molecular Model of Peptide Nanofiber
Re-assembly process
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Cation surfactant peptides Lysine or histidine
as the positive charged heads Geoffrey von
Maltzahn, et al, Langmuir (In press, May 2003)
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Steve Santoso Yang, Biology/CBA Ph.D. Student
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Peptide Nanotube Formation through Self-assembly
of A6D Sylvain Vauthey (CBE)
Vauthey, et al., PNAS, April 16, 2002
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V6D Peptide Nanotube
V6D
100 nm
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AFM image (500 nm X 500 nm) of A6K nano-tube
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Cation peptide nanotubes with 1-2 lysines as the
head
Geoffrey von Maltzahn, et al, Langmuir, 28 May,
2003
30-50 nm in diameter
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Coiled-coil Peptide
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Peptide on Mica (Micrometer Scale)
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Benoit Mandelbrot examines the peptide
nano-fractals, March 29,03
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Copper chloride nucleated by peptide
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NaCl/Na-PO4 fractals nucleated by peptide
nanofibers
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About 10,000 years ago man began to domesticate
plants and animals. Now it's time to domesticate
molecules. Susan Lindquist Director, Whitehead
Institute/MIT At the Third Multidisciplinary
Workshop Self-assembly of Peptides, Proteins in
Biology, engineering Medicine. Capsis Hotel,
Crete, Greece, August 1-5, 2003
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What do they have in common? Made by Human Made
by Nature Machines Molecular
machines Transportation Hemoglobin Assembly
lines Ribosomes Digital database Nucleosomes
Copy machines Polymerases Bulldozer/Destroyer
Proteases/proteosome Chain couplers Ligases
Train control center Centrosome Train
tracks Actin filament network Mail sorting
machine Protein sorting Electric Fences
Membranes Gates/keys passes Ion
channels Internet/www Neuron synapse