An Overview:

1

• An Overview
• 16th Century Renaissance (religious
  fragmentation)
• 17th Century Scientific Revolution
  (scientific unity)
• 18th Century Enlightenment (political
  revolution)

. . . shatter the Medieval Worldview
2
Medieval View of the Universe
Great Chain of Being
   
3
16th Century Renaissance (religious
fragmentation)
Challenges religious authority
4
17th Century Scientific Revolution (scientific
unity)
Challenges understanding of physical world
Cosmos God Angels People Animals Plants
Inanimate Objects 
5
18th Century Enlightenment (political
revolution)
Challenges the monarchy aristocracy
State  King    Dukes    Earls, etc.   
Knights     Serfs
The Philosophes
All that is required for this enlightenment is
freedom and particularly the least harmful of
all that may be called freedom, namely, the
freedom for man to make public use of his reason
in all matters.
6
Art of the 18th Century
Rococo Enlightened Reactions to Rococo
Neoclassicism
7
Rococo
8
Baroque Court of Louis XIV at Versailles (17th
Century)
9
Salon de la Princesse, Hôtel de Soubise, Paris,
France, 17371740
Rococo ,18th Century ,Paris
10
Watteau, Return from Cythera, 17171719
fete galante
11
Watteau, Return from Cythera, 17171719
Poussin, Rape of the Sabines, c. 1650
12
fete galante
Watteau, The Love Song, 1717
13
Boucher, Pastorale, 1761
14
Marie Antonettes Petit Hameau, Versailles, c.
1780
15
Boucher, The Triumph of Venus, 1750
16
Fragnonard, The Swing, 1766
17
Fragnonard, Girl with a Dog, 1766
18
Fragonard, The Progress of Love, 1771-73
The Pursuit
The Meeting
19
Fragonard, The Progress of Love, 1771-73
The Lover Crowned
The Love Letters
20
Enlightened Reactions to Rococo

• 1. Satire
• Art Hogarth
• Lit Philosophy Pope, Swift, Voltaire
• Exemplary Virtue
• Art Greuze, Chardin, David
• Lit Philosophy Rousseau

21
Hogarth, Settlement Scene, from Marriage à la
Mode, ca. 1745
22
Hogarth, Breakfast Scene, from Marriage à la
Mode, ca. 1745
23
Hogarth, The Inspection, from Marriage à la Mode,
ca. 1745
24
Hogarth, The Toilette, from Marriage à la Mode,
ca. 1745
25
Hogarth, The Bagnio, from Marriage à la Mode, ca.
1745
26
Hogarth, The Ladys Death, from Marriage à la
Mode, ca. 1745
27
Greuze, The Village Bride, 1761
Chardin, Grace at Table,1740
28
Neoclassicism
29
David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784
Fragnonard, The Swing, 1766
30
Neoclassicism

• The Grand Tour
• Discoveries of Pompeii Herculaneum
• Enlightenment focus on Rationality
• Greece Rome as Political Models

31
David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784
32
David, Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of
his Sons, c. 1789
33
David, The Death of Marat, 1793