How do juries decide?

1
How do juries decide?

• Simon Garrod
• University of Glasgow

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Outline

• Communication Decision-making
• Group size affects communication process
• Smaller groups good for obtaining consensus
• Larger groups are more influenced by dominant
  members
• Implications for
• Decision-making teams, juries etc.

3
Two kinds of communication process

• Non-interactive Information Transfer
• Interactive Information Alignment
• What happens in a group discussion?

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Theories of Human Communication(1)

• Information Transfer Model
• Sender Information Receiver
• Non-interactive
• Monologue (e.g., reading/writing, listening to a
  lecture)

5
Broadcast Model

• Monologue group discussion sequence

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Theories of Human Communication(2)

• Interactive Alignment Model
• Comm1 Information Comm2
• Two-way interactive process
• Establishes consensus or agreement
• Overhearers are at a disadvantage
• Dialogue (e.g., face-to-face conversation)

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Alignment Model

• Dialogue group discussion sequence

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Group Size Communication

• Large groups - Non-interactive broadcast
• Long contributions, few interruptions
• Poor at establishing consensus
• Small groups - Interactive alignment
• Short contributions, more interruptions, more ABA
  speaker patterns
• Good at establishing consensus

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Communication and decision-making

• Broadcast Model
• Group members should be influenced most by those
  who speak the most.
• Alignment Model
• Group members should be influenced most by those
  with whom they interact the most

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Who influences whom in small large groups(Fay,
Garrod Carletta, 2000)
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Who speaks most?
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Who influences whom?

• High interaction vs. low interaction pairings
• 2 highest vs 2 lowest
• Groups of five all, groups of ten top five
• Dominant vs. non-dominant speaker
• Groups of five groups of ten 1st vs. 5th
  highest contributors

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Influence of High/Low Interactants
Baseline
High Interaction
Low interaction
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Group 5
Group 10
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Influence of Dominant Speaker
Baseline
Dominant
Non-dominant
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Group 5
Group 10
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Interaction measures
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What is a large group?
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Conclusions Implications

• Group size affects communication
  decision-making (lt 8 vs gt7)
• Large groups - influenced by dominant speakers
• Small groups - good for establishing consensus
• Implications for
• size of juries, business teams, committees etc.
• Seating position of decision groups

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Seating Interaction