Hamas

1
Hamas

• Tarek Alnaqeeb
• Mr.Conrad
• Terrorism
• 3/2/04

2
Origins/Ideology

• Originates from Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt in 1928
  and then Gaza.
• Hamass original name was The Islamic Association
  a muslim humanitarian group.
• Hamas Leader Sheikh Ahmad Yassin
• - Quadriplegic Spiritual Leader
• Ideology Creating an Islamic state from
  historical Palestine.
• - Expelling Jewish Israelis
• - Create a state based on Sharia (Islamic Law)

Sheikh Ahmad Yassin
3
Hamas Israels Experiment Gone Bad

• 1970s Political Atmosphere
• Arafat exiled to Tunisia
• PLO gaining strength
• To Counter PLO Popularity Menachem Begin
• Created Village Leagues
• Induced Fragmentation
• Shared Interests
• Both the Begin administration (Likud Party) and
  SheikhYassin opposed two independent states
  living side by side
• Both opposed the Land for Peace initiative.
• The Islamic Association PLO Conflict of
  Ideologies

Menachem Begin
4
The Birth of Hamas The First Intifadah

• 1987 First Intifadah Broke out in response to
  Israeli Policies in the Occupied Territories.
• Yassin Created an Armed Wing called Hamas
• Hamas in Arabic means Zeal or Fervor
• 1988 Arafat sold out and Hamas joined the
  Action.
• Arafat recognised Israel as a state
• Arafat tried to trade Palestinian territory for
  peace

5
Financial Assets Relationships with Other
Countries

• Kuwait and the Gulf States were the largest
  direct benefactors to the Palestinian Cause
• Arafats Support of Saddam during The Gulf War
• 1990 Baghdad Summit
• King Husseins freeing of Sheikh Yassin in 1997

Sheikh Jaber
Yasser Arafat
6
Suicide Bombings and the Second Intifadah

• April 1994, The first Hamas suicide bombing
  occurred in response to the massacre of 29
  Muslims months earlier who were praying at the
  Hebron Mosque. The number of Hamas suicide
  bombings only steadily increased since.
• Arafats signing of the Oslo Peace Accords
  treaty, while unemployment among the Palestinians
  grew massively and more lands were confiscated
  for Jewish settlements, helped to spread Hamas'
  influence. The renewed uprising led to a further
  significant increase in support for Hamas's views
  among the Muslim Arab population.
• In the second Intifadah, suicide bombings became
  the weapon of choice as more and more
  Palestinians turned away from Arafat's secular
  solution through compromise with Israel and
  toward faith-based religious fanaticism.

7
Recruitment

• Mosques and Islamic religious organizations are
  Hamas's most important vehicles for spreading its
  message, and it mobilizes local popular support
  by providing social services to the needy.

8
Work Cited

• Working Bibliography
• Hanania, Ray. "Sharon's Terror Child How the
  Likud Bloc Mid-wifed the Birth of Hamas."
  CounterPunch, January 18/19, 2003.
  http//www.counterpunch.org/hanania01182003.html
• "Israeli Forces Won't Attack Hamas Leaders."
  Washington Times, December 27, 2003.
• http//www.washtimes.com/upi-breaking/20031226-0
  94929-6479r.htm
• Klein, Menachem. "The Origins of the Intifadah
  II." Foundation for Middle East Peace.
• http//www.fmep.org/analysis/klein_origins_of_in
  tifada_II.html
• "Origins and Aims of Groups Targeting Israel."
  The Guardian, June 12, 2002.
• http//www.guardian.co.uk/israel/Story/0,2763,73
  5772,00.html
• Schwartz, Yossi. "Palestine The origins of Hamas
  and its RoleToday." In Defence of Marxism,
• August 21, 2003.
• http//www.marxist.com/MiddleEast/hamas_0803.htm
  l
• Shaoul, Jean. "The Political Failure of PLO and
  the Origins of Hamas." WSWS, July 5, 2002.
• http//www.wsws.org/articles/2002/jul2002/ham1-j
  05.shtml