Intro to Nomenclature and Binary Compounds

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Intro to Nomenclature and Binary Compounds
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Binary Compounds

• Binary compound composed of two elements
• Two classes of Binary compounds
• Compounds made of a metal and a non-metal (ionic
  compounds)
• Compounds that contain two nonmetals (covalent)

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Binary Ionic Compounds

• When a metal and non-metal combine
• Metal name first, then non-metal with the suffix
  (ide)

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Binary Ionic Compounds cont

• Two types of Binary Ionic compounds
• Type I When metal has a fixed charge (ie) always
  1, therefore forming only one possible compound
• Type II When metal two or more possible charges
  (mostly transition metals)

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Binary Ionic Compounds Type I

• Rule 1. The cation is written first in the name
  the anion is written second in the name.
• Rule 2. The name of the cation is the same as the
  (neutral) element (e.g., Na "sodium").
• Rule 3. The anion is named by adding the suffix
  ide
• (e.g., I- "iodide").

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Binary Ionic Compounds Type I

• BaCl2
• barium chloride
• K2O
• potassium oxide
• Rb2O
• Rubidium oxide

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Binary Ionic Compounds Type II
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Binary Ionic Compounds Type II

• Use the name of the cation then the anion
• 2) After the name of the cation use roman
  numerals to represent the charge on the cation
• 3) The anion is named by adding the suffix -ide
  to the root of the element name

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Binary Ionic Compounds Type II

• Cu and Cl-
• CuCl
• Copper (I) Chloride
• MnO2
• Mn (?) and O2 (2-)
• So Mn has to have a charge of 4
• Manganese (IV) oxide

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Binary compounds type III

• Type III binary compounds have only non-metals
• They are not ionic they are covalent (share e-)
  and the greek prefixes are used

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Binary compounds type III

• When we name type III binary compounds
• The first element name is written first
• The second element is named with the suffix -ide
• Greek Pre-fixes are added according to subscript
  number
• The prefix mono- is never used for the first
  element

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Binary compounds type III

• PCl5
• Phosphorus pentachloride
• SiO2
• Silicon dioxide
• O2F2
• Dioxygen diflouride

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Quiz Time

• Beryllium bromide _____________?
• Cobalt (III) hydroxide __________?
• SF6 __________?
• Co2S3 ______________?
• Tetraphosphorous decoxide _____________?
• Ag2S ______________?

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Polyatomic IonsFound on pg. 100
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Follow the rules for binary ionic compoundsmetal
cation and polyatomic ion anion (except
ammonium)

• Na2SO4
• First the cation is Na2 (sodium) and the anion is
  SO4(sulfate)
• Sodium sulfate
• KCN
• Potassium (K) and cyanide (CN)
• Potassium cyanide
• Fe(NO3)3
• Iron and Nitrate but you have to figure out the
  charge on the iron
• Iron (III) nitrate

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Acid Nomenclature

• Acids are substance that
• produce H ions when
• dissolved in water
• Or we can view it as a H
• ion attached to an anion

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Acids not containing oxygen

• (Hydro-) prefix and (ic) suffix
• See list on pg. 105

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Acids containing oxygen

• If ion was (ate), becomes (-ic)

• If ion was (-ite), change to(-ous)

• H2SO4
• This has the sulfate ion
• (SO4) 2-
• Sulfuric Acid
• HC2H3O2
• This has the acetate ion
• (C2H3O2)1-
• Acetic Acid

• HNO2
• This has the nitrite ion
• (NO2) 1-
• Nitrous acid
• HClO2
• This has the chlorite ion
• (ClO2) 1-
• Chlorous acid

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More acid nomenclature examples