Day 7 More Unix Commands and Utilities

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Day 7More Unix Commands and Utilities

• David A. Gaitros
• Department of Computer Science
• Florida State University

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Process Commands

• UNIX is a multi-tasking operating system which
  means it can keep track of many different
  processes at once. You can start a command and
  put it in the background. This allows you to
  continue to use the UNIX prompt and run other
  commands. All you have to do is place an
  ampersand() behind the command and hit the
  return key.
• Example
• emacs testshell.c

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Process Commands

• at -f filename-m time date
• at -l
• at -r job
• Desciption Schedules a command to be run at a
  particular time. Great for running CPU intensive
  processes at a later date.
• Options
• -f filename - Name of file that contains the
  command.
• -m - Sends an electronic message when
  completed.
• time - Indicates when you want it executed.
• date - Indicates what day you want it run.
• -l List the names of commands that are already
  schedules
• -r job - cancels the job the you previously
  schedules.
• Examples
• at midnight ltrgt
• lpr Plov260 big.report
  ltrgt
• dltrgt
• Demonstration

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Process Commands

• bg job
• Desciption Continues a stopped job in the
  background. To find out which jobs are running,
  type jobs.
• Options
• job - The job number you want to continue.
• example
• jobs 7713 ltrgt
• Demonstration
• start emacs in the background and show job
  number.

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Process Commands

• kill job
• Desciption Stops a job running in the
  background. .
• Options
• job - The job number you want to kill
• example
• kill 7713 ltrgt
• Demonstration
• start emacs in the background and kill job
  number.

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Process Commands

• cancel requestID
• Desciption Cancels a print job.
• Options
• requestID - Specifies the print job number to
  be cancelled listed by the lpstat command.
• Examples
• lpstate ltrgt or
• lpq ltrgt
• cancel lj-1765 ltrgt

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Process Commands

• id
• Desciption Tells you what your user and group
  IDs are so that you can tell your wizard what
  they are when asked.
• Demonstration
• id ltrgt

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Process Commands

• ps -a-l-ttty-u-x
• Desciption Displays information about your
  processes (jobs).
• Options
• -a - all processes for everyone.
• -l - displays longer version
• -ttty - Displays list of processes start by
  terminal tty.
• -u - displays user oriented report.
• -x - Displays all processes running in the
  background not attached to a terminal
• Examples
• ps -al ltrgt
• Demonstration start emacs in the background and
  show this.

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Process Management

• script -afilename
• Desciption Stores the conversation you're having
  with UNIX in a file. To exit this, type exit.
• Options
• -a - Adds information to the file.
• filename - File where you want it stored.
• Examples
• script -a mylog
• Demonstration

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Process Management

• set variable value
• DesciptionSets a shell variable to the value you
  specify or displays the value of the shell
  variable. This will stay active until you logoff
  or change it again.
• Options
• variable - some UNIX shell variable.
• value - a string value
• Examples
• set workdir\gaitrosd
• Demonstration

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Process Management

• setenv variable value
• Desciption Similar to the set, it sets the
  value of an environment variable to some value
• Options
• variable - some UNIX shell variable.
• value - a string value
• Examples
• setenv path path\home\here\bin
• Sets the path variable to its' current value plus
  \home\here\bin

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A useful command

• sftp (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
• demonstration
• xterm (x-terminal utility). Allows for the use of
  windows type commands in the UNIX environment.
  The following command is used in X-WIN32.
• xterm -ls -sb -display DISPLAY
• Demonstration
• xterm