Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions'

1
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical
reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase) 2.
Tearing apart (enzymes in stomach)
http//www.hillstrath.on.ca/moffatt/bio3a/digestiv
e/enzanim.htm http//student.ccbcmd.edu/gkaiser/
biotutorials/proteins/enzsub.html http//www.tvds
b.on.ca/westmin/science/sbi3a1/digest/enzymes.htm
http//www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animatio
ns/Enzyme20activity.html
Most have an ase ending. Amylase digests
carbohydrates Lipase digests lipids
2
Enzymes convert substrate (starting material) to
products. - Lock and Key model Substrate and
active site must fit together.
3
Enzymes characteristics

• Require a specific substrate.
• Require a specific temperature.
• Require specific environment.
• 4. NOT used up in the reaction.

4
Specific environment can be 1. Acidic (ex.
Stomach) 2. Basic (ex. Small Intestines) Theref
ore, stomach acid and bile are very helpful in
providing the correct chemical environment for
enzymes to work.
5
Acid 1. Gastric acid in stomach. 2. Contains
HCl. Bile 1. Secreted by the liver, stored in
gall bladder. 2. Emulsifies fats Dissolves
fats NOT DIGEST.
6
Lipase is an enzyme that digests fat. Bile
is a solution that emulsifies fats. Together,
they speed up the breakdown of fats in the
digestive system.
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How does bile help?