Enzyme introduction

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Enzyme introduction

• Creative Enzymes

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• 5,000 years ago, people stored milk in animal
  stomachs, in which milk can be turned into
  cheese. Enzymes have been used in the diagnosis
  of disease since the 1940's, derived from the
  intensive research in biochemistry. What are
  enzymes? How they work in biological reactions
  and living organisms? What are the applications
  of enzymes in biotechnology and medical research?
  Here, you can find what we have summarized.

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What Are Enzymes?

• The oldest recorded example to the commercial use
  of enzymes may be found in a description of the
  wine making practice in the Codex of Hammurabi
  (ancient Babylon, circa 2100B.C.). Ancient people
  already learned to use microorganisms as enzyme
  sources in fermentation. This activity spread all
  around the world, not limited to ancient Babylon,
  but also known in the early civilizations of
  Rome, Greece, Egypt, India, and China. Another
  oldest use of the enzymes was for the dairy
  products people stored fresh milk for any
  reasonable length of time in multiple animal
  stomachs, which contains enzymes called rennet
  that can turn milk into cheese. 

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Enzymes Function

• Enzymes can be found all around us. They exist in
  all forms of lives, including human, plants,
  bacteria, and other organisms. Any living
  organism needs enzymes to function properly.
  Chemically, enzymes are naturally occurred
  proteins, basic function of which is to speed up
  the process and efficiency of a chemical reaction
  without being consumed in the process. In another
  word, an enzyme is a protein-based catalyst.
  Enzymes catalyze all kinds of chemical reactions
  that are involved in growth, blood coagulation,
  healing, diseases, breathing, digestion,
  reproduction, and many other biological
  activities.

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Enzymes in Medical Research

• In 1902, Emmerich observed that an extracellular
  secretion of Bacillus pyocyaneus was capable of
  killing anthrax bacilli and could protect mice
  from the lethal bacterium. Not until that did
  people realize the importance and applications of
  enzymes in medical research. With the development
  of enzymology, the global enzyme market sizes up
  to USD 8.18 billion in 2015 and is expected to
  reach USD 17.50 billion by 2024, according to a
  new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Among all
  enzyme products, enzymes for medical research are
  expected to witness significant growth in the
  following years and share an increasing
  proportion of the market. 

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Enzymes in Biotechnology

• Biotechnology could be traced back to thousands
  of years ago, when human started to use yeasts to
  make liquor. This may be the first dawn of
  biotechnology in food production. Along with the
  development of natural and social sciences,
  nowadays, biotechnology carries more colorfulmeani
  ngs.
• In the modern world, biotechnology often refers
  to the process of making or modifying products
  using living systems or organisms. Besides the
  traditional fermentation, biotechnological
  tools have expanded to employ more advanced
  sciences, such as genetic engineering, applied
  immunology, and medicinal therapies and
  diagnostic. Among these tools, a variety of
  enzymes are indispensablethey may appear
  as hammers and chisels to help accomplish
  molecular biology experiments, or they may act as
  efficient micro-reactors in industrial
  production. They exist everywhere and resemble
  all kinds of functions in living cells or in
  harsh environments bearing no life. As of today,
  people exploit their functions in great details
  for better uses in biotechnology.

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