CELL ORGANELLES

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CELL ORGANELLES

• CHAPTER 7

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PROKARYOTES

• Bacteria Prokaryotes
• Bacteria are single celled organisms. Their cells
  do NOT have proper nuclei. They have a circular
  molecule of DNA which contains all their genetic
  information. This DNA works in just the same way
  as it does in other organisms but it is NOT
  gathered together into chromosomes visible
  through a microscope.

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CILIA AND FLAGELLA

• FLAGELLUM SINGLE WHIPLIKE EXTENSION
• CILIA HAIRLIKE EXTENSIONS FOR MOVEMENT FOOD
  GATHERING

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TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
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TYPICAL PLANT CELL
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PLANT ORGANELLES
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PLANT CELL DIFFERENCES

• Only plant cells have
• cell walls,
• chloroplasts,
• large vacuoles, and
• a regular shape.

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VACUOLES

• Vacuole
• The vacuole is used only in plant cells. It is
  responsible for maintaining the shape and
  structure of the cell. Plant cells don't increase
  in size by expanding the cytosplasm, rather they
  increase the size of their vacuoles. The vacuole
  is a large vesicle which is also used to store
  nutrients, metabolites, and waste products.

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MITOCHONDRION

• X 200,000
• CONTAIN THEIR OWN DNA

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CYTOSKELETON

• STRUCTURAL SUPPORT FOR THE CELL

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CILIA CROSS SECTION

• CROSS SECTION OF CILIA SHOWING MICROTUBULES
• X 200,000

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GOLGI APPARATUS

• X 145,000
• PACKAGE PROTEIN FOR DELIVERY

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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

• THIS IS ROUGH ER BECAUSE OF THE PRESENCE OF
  RIBOSOMES ON THE SURFACE
• X 61,500

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RIBOSOMES

• INDIVIDUAL DOTS ARE RIBOSOMES, YELLOW/RED
  CLUSTERS ARE POLYRIBOSOMES
• X 173,000

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NUCLEUS

• NUCLEAR MEMBRANE IS THE BIG CIRCLE.
• DARK REDDISH SPOT IS NUCLEOLUS
• GREEN LINESER
• BLUE DOTSRIBOS
• BRIGHT REDMITO

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LILY (PLANT) CELL

• REDMITO
• GREEN IN CENTERNUCLEUS
• PURPLE NUCLEOLUS
• BROWNCYTOPL.
• X 7200

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CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE

• LIPID BILAYER
• PROTEIN GATEWAYS

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HUMAN RED BLOOD CELLS

• RBCS HAVE NO NUCLEI
• WBCS HAVE A LARGE, DARKLY STAINED NUCLEUS

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FROG BLOOD

• EACH CELL HAS A NUCLEUS

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HUMAN NEURON CELL

• NOTE THE NUCLEUS, NUCLEOLUS, AND THE EXTENSIONS
  (CALLED AXONS AND DENDRITES) ON THE CELL.
• AXONS AND DENDRITES ACT AS ANTENNAE

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The End

• (Thanks Mr. Horne, SHS)