Ions in solids and solutions'

1
Ions in solids and solutions.
2
Ions in ionic solids.
Cl-
Na
3
Ions in solution.
Hydrated ions
-

Most electronegative
Polar molecules
O
Od-
H
H
Hd
Hd
4
Dissolving.
5
Some bonds made
Some bonds broken
-
-

-


-
-

6
Some bonds broken
Some bonds made
-

-


-
-

7
Some bonds made
-
-

-

Some bonds broken
-
-

8
Dissolving.
Some bonds made
Some bonds broken
Exothermic
Endothermic
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For Mg(NO3)2, the ions present in solution are
Mg2(aq) 2NO3-(aq)
Try Q1 from CI 5.1. Page 40 will help you.
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Precipitation.
A precipitate is a solid made when two solutions
react.
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Ag
Na
Na
Na
12
Ag
Na
Na
Cl-
Ag
Cl-
Spectator ions
13
Some bonds made
Some bonds broken
Ag
Cl-
Ag
Cl-
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Precipitation.
Some bonds made
Some bonds broken
Exothermic
Endothermic
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NaCl(aq) AgNO3(aq) ? AgCl(s) NaNO3(aq)
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Ag
Na
Na
Cl-
Ag
Cl-
Spectator ions
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NaCl(aq) AgNO3(aq) ? AgCl(s) NaNO3(aq)
Spectator ions
Na(aq) Cl-(aq) Ag(aq) NO3-(aq) ? AgCl(s)
Na(aq) NO3-(aq)
? AgCl(s)
Ag(aq) Cl-(aq)
Ionic equation
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More precipitationsTry Q3 from CI 5.1
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Neutralisation.
20
HCl(aq) NaOH(aq) ? H2O(l) NaCl(aq)
Spectator ions
H(aq) Cl-(aq) Na(aq) OH-(aq) ? H2O(l)
Na(aq) Cl-(aq)
? H2O(l)
H(aq) OH-(aq)
Ionic equation
21
More reactions of acidsTry Q5 from CI 5.1
A spectator ion is an aqueous ion on both sides
of the equation!
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Finally.

0.078nm
2
26
23
Water of crystallisation
Cu2(aq) SO42-(aq) 5H2O(l) ?
CuSO4.5H2O
Try Q4 from CI 5.1
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ICSD Chem Zone Lesson  Dissolve Dissociate_files
The hyperlink below is a good flash animation of
dissolving
http//www1.icsd.k12.ny.us/chemzone/lessons/03bond
ing/dissociate.htm