Chapter 10 lesson 3

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Chapter 10lesson 3
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A Land of Gold

• Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and
  saw the Pacific Ocean with Francisco Pizarro
• They heard legend of land rich in gold far to the
  South
• This is where the Incan empire was located.
• The empire was protected by the Andes Mountains,
  but Pizarro was determined to find it.
• He failed twice due to lack of supplies
• However, on his second trip he did visit the city
  of Tumbes
• He went back to the king of Spain with riches
  from Tumbes and the king gave him permission to
  attack the Incas

3
Fighting the Incas

• In 1531, Pizarro and 180 Spanish soldiers were
  ready to begin their attack on the Incas.
• They began by attacking the small villages that
  lined the pacific Coast
• He found that the Incas were in the middle of a
  war.
• Pizarro took advantage of this and headed for the
  capital city, Cuzco.
• Atahualpa was the Incan ruler.
• When he went to visit Pizarro after a day of
  fasting, the Spaniards were waiting and attacked
  the unarmed Incas.
• In 30 minutes, 1500 Incans were killed.

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Fighting the Incas (cont.)

• Many of those that were killed were government
  officials
• These government officials had always maintained
  strict control over the Incan people in the past.
• Pizarro and his soldiers shattered this control.
• With most of their leaders dead, the Incas were
  unable to defend their land.

5
A Room Filled With Gold

• Atahualpa was not killed in the massacre, but he
  was captured.
• Pizarro and Atahualpa lived together in a remote
  city for 9 months.
• Pizarro was awaiting help from Spain, and
  Atahualpa was waiting for his freedom.
• During Atahualpas time there, he noticed the
  Spaniards obsession with gold.
• Atahualpa offered to fill a room full of gold for
  Pizarro in exchange for his freedom.
• The room was then filled with sheets of gold,
  pieces of finely crafted jewelry, golden chairs,
  and golden ears of corn.
• When the room was filled, Atahualpa demanded his
  freedom

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The End of an Empire

• However, Atahualpa was not given his freedom
• The day that the room was filled with gold,
  Pizarro ordered Atahualpa to be put to death.
• Spain conquered much of South America after the
  death of Atahualpa.
• The Spaniards succeeded in this region because
  they had horses and superior weapons.
• The diseases they brought with them had also
  killed many Indians.

7
The End of an Empire

• By 1535, Spain had built one of the worlds
  largest empires.
• It stretched from Mexico to the Southern tip of
  South America.
• Throughout the empire, the Incas and the other
  Indians never stopped fighting against the
  Spanish rule.