Neutrino beams: prospects today

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Neutrino beams prospects today synergies
with Eurisol
V. Palladino Univ INFN Napoli,
Italy coordinator of the BENE NA
FP6 Networking Activity Beams for
European Neutrino Experiments
within the CARE IA
FP6 Integrating Activity Coordinated Accelerator
RD
A Network aiming at a consensual road map for
accelerator based neutrino programs in Europe
2
Anticipating the conclusions

• Accelerator ? physics has gained recognition in
  the (2006?)
• 
  CERN Council Strategy (?ESFRI)
• RD and studies all aiming now at the 2012 or so
• 
  presumed decision time
• have ready the proposal of
  the optimal neutrino program
• 
  superbeam(s), betabeam, ?
  Factory
• 
  p
  ß µ
• 
  
• 
  a MMW p-intensity facility
• All synergies should be exploited, in the present
  difficulties
• 
  ?other HEP, Eurisol,
  ADS, neutrons

3
Eurisol BENE old
friends
http//physicsatmwatt.web.cern.ch/physicsatmwatt/
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2002 2003 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD Accelerator RD
CARE Multipurpose (e,p,n) Multipurpose (e,p,n) Multipurpose (e,p,n) Multipurpose (e,p,n) Multipurpose (e,p,n) Multipurpose (e,p,n) ? ? ? ?
CARE SRF SRF SRF SRF SRF
CARE PHIN PHIN PHIN PHIN PHIN
CARE HIPPI HIPPI HIPPI
CARE NED
EUROTEV DS ILCCLIC DS ILCCLIC DS ILCCLIC ? ? ? ? ?
EURISOL DS Neutrino b-beam DS Neutrino b-beam DS Neutrino b-beam DS Neutrino b-beam ? ? ? ?
DS nFact Scoping study Scoping study ? DS n ? DS n Fact ? ?
EUROLEAP e in plasma? e in plasma? e in plasma?
Major Strategic decisions
5
Lisbon, July 2006
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Europe should ..
play a significant role in the study and
development of a high intensity neutrino facility
Studies . and . RD .. are required to be in
a positon to
define around 2012 .. a coordinated EU
participation in a global ? program
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Physics of neutrino transition
Promising insight in
Ultra high energy scale M unaccessible to big
acelerators
m?
mD/ M2 see-saw
?m?2 drive the oscillations
Tritium decay remains essential
Scientific and technical synergy with proton
decay
The mixing of the 3 generations- big ?s in
the leptonic sector
unlike the quark
sector

• Antimatter suppression Lepton CPV phase d may
  be big too,
• 
  explaining antilepton suppresion (early)
• 
  antibaryon suppression (later)

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The 33 matrix of neutrino transition probability
Pee1- ..
Pem
Pet
Pmm1- ..
Pme
P mt
Ptt1- ..
Pte .
Ptm ..
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Neutrino transition probability
Pee1- ..
Pem
Pet
wave ?12
?ij (?mij)-2 NB ?m12 ?m12 ?m120
wave ?23
wave ?13
Pmm1- ..
Ptt1- ..
Pte .
Ptm ..
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Neutrino transition probability
Pee1- ..
Pem
Pet
wave ?12
?ij (?mij)-2 NB ?m12 ?m12 ?m120
wave ?23
wave ?13
Unequivocal experimental evidence (1976-2007)
transitions do happen, on two
independent scales
Pmm1- ..
?m12
15 Km/MeV
?solar
?12

500 Km/Gev
?atmospheric
?m13
?m23

?13
?23
Ptt1- ..
wave ?12
Pem
Pte .
Ptm ..
wave ?13
wave ?23
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Charting the matrix of neutrino transition
probability
Solar (SuperK,SNO) LBL Reactors (Kamland)
Pee1- ..

• Pem - 4 Re Jem12sin2D12
• - 4 Re Jem13sin2D13
• - 4 Re Jem23sin2D23
• 8J sinD12sinD23sinD13

• Pet - 4 Re Jet12sin2D12
• - 4 Re Jet13sin2D13
• - 4 Re Jet23sin2D23
• 8J sinD12sinD23sinD13

atmo
?e? ?µ crucial T2K, NO?A , longer term future
Pmm1- ..

• Pme - 4
• - 4
• - 4
• - ( 8J.

• P mt - 4 Re Jm t12sin2D12
• - 4 Re Jm t13sin2D13
• - 4 Re Jm t23sin2D23
• 8J sinD12sinD23sinD13

Atmo K2K, NuMI, CNGS
T CP violating term e-id
universal
Ptt1- ..
Pte .
Ptm ..
.. experiments ahead of us, for decades .. a
global endeavour
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Last result null result from MiniBoone February
07

• LNSD no more
• ie no 4-th independent, large ?m?,
• 
  transition
• no fourth, sterile, neutrino
• 33 emerges stronger
• with its, one only one, CPV d phase

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BENE the longer term plan
2012
? CNGS II
2005 06 07 08 09 10
11 19
Construction window
Int. Scoping Study()
Feasibility, NFSB
Euro ? Design Study
Physics
!

Feasibility SBNFBB (no TPW)
CDRs at the time of end of LHC payment first
LHC results ILC decision be ready to catch any
construction window
!
HIPPI, HARP
MERIT
MICE
PRISM, EMMA
EuCARD/MEGLIO?
NB Betabeam CDR0 End 2009 !
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EuCARD
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Targets collectors
N E T W O R K S
Muon Cooling
SPL more
T N A S
HiRadMat MICE
ISOL ¼ wave
? SCRF RD
p , µ and ß rings acceleration
storage
FFAGs
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Proposal of an FP7 accelerator neutrino
Networking Activity The European Strategy for
Particle Physics emphasizes the importance of
accelerator-based neutrino experiments, and sets
the milestone for the next major undertaking in
this field in 2012 Studies of the scientific
case for future neutrino facilities and the RD
into associated technologies are required to be
in a position to define the optimal neutrino
program based on the information available in
around 2012. A vigorous networking activity is
necessary to ensure that the technical
information on accelerator technologies and the
scientific arguments are gathered, developed, and
discussed within and outside the neutrino
community. The NA intends to deliver at the
end of 2012 an agreed programme of neutrino
experiments, based on upgrades of existing
infrastructures and/or on the proposal of a new
one. Among the possibilities the following will
be considered and evaluated. -Upgrade of the
existing Cern to Gran Sasso facility
understanding of the ultimate upgrade potential,
by combination of improved neutrino flux,
neutrino spectra, flux monitoring abilities and
far detector design and location. -A new
neutrino facility, such as a beta-beam or a
neutrino factory complex, offering much higher
rate and purer flavour content, allowing a more
ambitious programme of complete determination of
the physical quantities governing neutrino
oscillations mass splits, flavour mixings and
charge-parity violating phase. The NA will be
rooted in the FP6 BENE NA, active since 2004,
itself born from the ECFA Study Groups active
since 1998. The existence of an organized open
discussion and dissemination forum joining the EU
accelerator particle physicists active or being
attracted in the sector has proven decisive over
almost a decade. The European activity is
embedded in an international effort most
remarkable are the yearly NuFact International
Workshops on Neutrino Factory, Superbeam and
BetaBeam. Started in 1999 in Europe and
returning every three years, it is an extremely
fruitful example of collaboration of accelerator
and particle physics from Europe, America and
Asia.. Strengthened by FP6 support, BENE
achieved the recognition in the Strategy Document
of its physics case and of its plea for timely
RD. Its 3 main goals are also being delivered
as promised -first progress in community
building and harmonization of national projects
and interests. - preliminary road map towards
the scientific technical choice of the new
facility -precious collaborative studies and
RD projects now under way, soon including the
FP7 EuroNu DS and the International Design Study
effort. The objective of this NA represents the
natural completion of this process. The NA will
be able to integrate in its proposal the results
of a CNGS upgrade study, of the EuroNu design
study of the Neutrino Factory, Superbeam and
BetaBeam options, of the state of the art,
coordinated RD that will take place in the
Integrating Activity and of other RD projects in
progress. Its final proposal should be backed by
the widest possible majority of the EU community
active in on neutrino accelerator infrastructures
worldwide, at the CNGS, at the US (NuMI) and at
the upcoming Japanese (T2K) facilities. The NA
funds will support participation of this
community to -the IA meetings and the NA own
plenary meetings and parallel workshops -the open
meetings of the EuroNu DS -the yearly
international NuFact Workshop
MEGLIO
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Proposed Second Level
Work Breakdown Structure for the NA
WP1 Management coordination WP2 Getting the
most of existing neutrino facilities - CNGS
intensity limits - possibility of adaptation
of the CNGS neutrino spectrum and of flux
monitoring to physics needs
(link to JRAs in FP7-IA) - Evaluation of the
physics potential of upgrades WP3 Road map
to the future - evaluation of the
compatibility of future neutrino facilities to
the accelerator upgrades in the
interested European laboratories -
evaluation of technological risks of the proposed
options - evaluation of the
synergies with other physics programs
- upgrade path and flexibility -
Choices of the facility(es) and proposal A more
detailed breakdown is in preparation
!!!!!!
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Four years of BENE in a nutshell
CARE-Report-04-034-BENE.doc CARE-Report-05-021-BEN
E.doc

• 2004 BENE established on the EU scene
• MMW workshop May 2004 the MMW frontier
  Villars SPSC meeting Sep 04, where we cashed
• renewed attention to a Eu ? program
  (RD)
• emergence of a ? construction window
  !!!!!!!!!!!
• Betabeam DS approved !

• 2005 BENE consolidated on the EU international
  scene
• NNN05 in April and NuFact05 in June
• physics case further established in the two
  workshops
• RD advancing HARPMUSCAT data out, MERITMICE
  approved,
• 
  
• making the ? case
• in the
  strategic discussion ahead

ISS launched, aiming resolutely to DS Proposal
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• 2006 BENE proved a driving force of the
  International Scoping Study
• 
  
  with USJapanIndia and
  more
• published a
  comprehensive Midterm Scientific Report
• 
  CERN
  Yellow 2006-005 22 May 2006
• scored in July a
  formal CERN Council recognition of
• 
  its physics case, its RD
  recommendations
• started an intense
  period of preparation of FP7 proposals
• 2007 BENE Design Study Euro-? approved in August
• in a
  natural international context
• the International
  Design Stud(ies)
• 
  Neutrino Factory IDS CERN Mar 07, next Jan 08
• NuFact08 August, NNN08
  October both in Japan this year
• BENEs international collaborations
  
• setting up to start
  Euro-?
• starts Feb 5
• continuing preparation
  of FP7 proposals
• 
  EuCARD NA, TA, JRAs

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9 Int. Workshop on Nutrino FactoryBetabeam
Superbeam
NuFact08 Valencia, Jun 30
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• Upcoming Events I
• NNN07
• Megaton Physics
• P-decay
• Astro Neutrinos
• Beam Neutrinos

Megaton Physics, p decay, astroneutrinos
besides beam neutrinos
Upcoming Events I NNN07
Megaton Physics
P-decay Astro
Neutrinos Beam
Neutrinos
Upcoming Events I NNN07
Megaton Physics
P-decay Astro
Neutrinos Beam Ne
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• BENE plans
• for 2008

? 2008
- Feb 5 Euro-? first meeting
? 2011
- February 29 submission of IA
Proposals ? 2012
EuCARD IA HEP
Detectors IA
- Summer NuFact08 Valencia Jun
28-Jul 4
NNN08 not yet decided
- Fall Care08
Euro-? /
NuFact IDS joint meeting
- Jan09 Final Scientific Report
(Main Deliverable)
road map of
recommendations CARE/ECFA/CERN Yellow Report

our next
opportunity to speak up
V. Palladino CARE GB, 30 Oct 07
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180 MCHF over 4 yrs
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High power
HIPPI FETS
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5 Gev SPL
a MMW Backbone
may want more GeV
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NuFact Proton Driver
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4 MW Target-Collection solution
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Pivot Target Collection CERN PS Experiment
can we digest the MMW?
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Muon Ionization Cooling experiment at RAL
Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment at RAL
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EMMA e-FFAG prototype Daresbury
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EURISOL beta-beam
Support Betabeams beyond the
DS

• Achieve an annual neutrino rate of
• 2.91018 anti-neutrinos from 6He
• 1.1 1018 neutrinos from 18Ne

BENE 2007
Beta-beam team
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32
Nobel class contribution superior production
of Li B parents
C. Rubbia
33
A new approach for the production

• Beam cooling with ionisation losses C. Rubbia,
  A Ferrari, Y. Kadi and V. Vlachoudis in NIM A 568
  (2006) 475487

7Li(d,p)8Li 6Li(3He,n)8B
7Li 6Li
See also Development of FFAG accelerators and
their applications for intense secondary particle
production, Y. Mori, NIM A562(2006)591
BENE 2007
Beta-beam team
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34
? in Det IA?
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In the end make the choice possible
!!!!!!!!!
36

• MEGLIO
• Promise, based on results from
• on going and coming RD
• on going and coming studies
• CNGS study
• EuroNetrino DS SuperbeamBetaBeam,
  NuFact (IDS)
• support
  it as much as needed
• build it
  up as a Collaboration
• 
  collaborating with other Collaborations
• other International
  Design Studies DSs (US Japan
• tto propose an agreed program of experiments
• accelerator and detector facilities
  
• in 2012
  or so

37
Anticipating the conclusions

• Accelerator ? physics has gained recognition in
  the (2006?)
• 
  CERN Council Strategy (?ESFRI)
• RD and studies all aiming now at the 2012 or so
• 
  presumed decision time
• have ready the proposal of
  the optimal neutrino program
• 
  superbeam(s), betabeam, ?
  Factory
• 
  p
  ß µ
• 
  
• 
  a MMW p-intensity facility
• All synergies should be exploited, in the present
  difficulties
• 
  ?other HEP, Eurisol,
  ADS, neutrons

38
THE END