CDM:

1
???????? ??????? ???????? (CDM) ??????????? ?
????????? ??????????????? ??????? ? ???? ?
????????????? ???????

• ?????? C. ????
• ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????, ESDD,
  ??? ??????

2
????????? ???????????

• ??????? ?????
• ?????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????????
• ????????? ?????????? ? ???????
• ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
• ????????????? ???? CDM ? ?????????????? ???????
• ???????????

3
???? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ? ???????
??????????

• ???????? ???????????? ? ???????????????
  ?????????????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ????????
  ??????????
• ???????? ???????????? ????????? ? ???????????
  ??????????? ???????? ??????????

4
????? ????????

• ??????? ? ???????????? ? ??????? ??????????
  ?????????? ?????
• ????????????? ? ??????
• ????? ? ?????????????? ????????? ???????
• ??????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????

5
????????? ??????????
6
????? ?? ???????

• ??????????? ???????
• ????? ???????? ??????????? ???????
• ???????????? ??????
• ???????????? ??????
• ?????? ??????????????
• ?????????????

7
????? ???????? ???????????
1995Global energy consumption 5,600 mtoe

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

2001Global energy consumption 6,001 mtoe
8
????? ???????? ???????????
9
??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

10
??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

11
??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? (???????
??????? ?????????????? ???????? ? ??????)

• Note For World, Non-specified agriculture,
  commercial and public service, residential and
  non-specified.
• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

12
??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????

• Note For World, Non-specified agriculture,
  commercial and public service, residential and
  non-specified.
• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

13
??????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ???????

• Note 1995 figures bar on the left 2001
  figures bar on the right
• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD
  Countries, 2000-2001 (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries,
  2000-2001 (Paris, OECD/IEA).

14
??????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ???????

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

15
??????????? ????? ? ???????????? ???????
2001Global consumption of oil in the transport
sector 1,716 mtoe
1995Global consumption of oil in the transport
sector 1,493 mtoe

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

16
??????????? ????? ? ???????????? ???????
17
????????? ??????????????
1995Global electricity generation 13.2 million
GWh
2001Global electricity generation 15.5 million
GWh

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD
  Countries, 2000-2001 (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries,
  2000-2001 (Paris, OECD/IEA).

18
????????? ??????????????
19
????????? ??????????????

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

20
????????? ??????????????

• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

21
??????????? ?????????????? ?? ????????, 2001

• Note For global electricity consumption,
  Others include agriculture, commercial and
  public services and residential.
• Sources of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

22
??????????? ?????????????? ?? ????????, 2001

• Note For global electricity consumption,
  Others include agriculture, commercial and
  public services and residential.
• Sources of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

23
?????????????? ???????

• In 2001, share in world production of combustible
  renewables and wastes
• ESCAP 55 per cent
• East and North-East Asia 21 per cent
• South South-West Asia 23 per cent
• South-East Asia 10 per cent

• Note data from Central Asia are incomplete
• Source of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

24
?????????????? ???????
25
?????????????

• Sources of data
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).
• IEA (2003), Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  (Paris, OECD/IEA).

26
?????????????
27
????? ????? ??????????? ? ??????????
??????
28
???????? ????????????? ????????

• ??????????? ???? l??????? ? ????????????
• ?????????? ????????? ??????? GHGs
• ?????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????
  ?????? ?????? ???????, ?? ?? CO2
• ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? CO2

29
????? ????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ??????

• ??????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??
  ???????? ?? ????????? ? ?????????? ?????
• ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????
  ?????????????
• ????????? ???????? ?????
• ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ? ????????????
• ??????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??
  ?????????? ?????

30
????????????? ????????, ????????? ? ???????????

• ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ?? ???????????,
  ?????????, ??????????????,???????? ? ????????
• ???????? 1990-? ???????????? ?????????????????
  ???????? ??
• 85 ???????? ????
• 75 CO2
• 44 ??????? ????? ? ???????
• 41 ??????
• 35 ??????
• 35 ??????????? ???????? ??????????????? (HC)
• 30 ???????? ?????

31
?????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??????? CO2
1995?????????? ??????? CO2 21,588 ??? ????

• ????????? ??????
• ???? (2000), ??????? CO2 ?? ??????????? ???????,
  1971-1998 (?????, ????/????).
• ???? (2003), ??????? ?O2 ?? ??????????? ???????,
  1971-2001 (?????, ????/????).

2001?????????? ??????? CO2 23,684 ??? ????
32
?????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??????? CO2
33
??? ????? ????????

• ??????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??????????
  ?????????????? ????????
• ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????
  ???????????? ???????, ?? ?????????????? ?
  ????????????? ? ??????????? ????, ????????
  ?????????????, ?????????? ? ?????????????
  ????????? ? ?????????????? ????????.
• ????????? ????????????? ? ????????????
  ??????????? ?? ???????, ???????????? ?
  ?????????? ???????.
• ???????? ??? ???????? ? ???????? ??????????? ??
  ???????? ?????, ???????? ??????? ? ??????????

34
????????? ??? CDM ? ???? ? ????? ??????
35
??? ????? CDM ? ??? ?? ???????????

• CDM ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????,
  ???????? ? ???????? ????????? ? 1997 COP-3
• ? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ????? ???
  ???????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????????, CDM
  ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ?
  ?????????? I, ??? ? ???????, ?? ??????????? ?
  ?????????? (?????????????)
• ??????, ???????? ? ?????????? I, ????? ????????
  ?????????? ???????, ? ??????, ?? ???????? ?
  ??????????, ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?
  ???????? ??????????
• ??????? ?? ??????????????????? ? ??????????????
  ??????? ????????? ??? CDM

36
??? CDM ???????? ? ??????????????? ???????
????????

• ??????????? ? ??????? ????????.
• ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????????
  ??????????????????? (??) ? ????????
  ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????? (???).
• ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?
  ??????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ?
  ????????????? ???????, ??????? ?? ? ???.
• ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????
  ??????????? ???????? ??? ? ??????? ?? ??.
• CDM ???????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???
  ????????? ??????? ? ?????????????? ??????????
  ????????? ? ???????? ??????????.

37
??????? ?????????

• ???????????????????
• ?????????????? ?????????????

38
???????????????????

• ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????
  ???? ???
• ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? (DSM)
• ????????? ??????? ? ?????????
• ??????????????? ? ???????? ??????????
• ?????????????? ????????????? ????????
• ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ?
  ?????????????
• ???????? ???????
• ????????????? ??????????????? ??????????
• ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????,
  ???????? ? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????????
  ???????????? ????????????? ???????
• ?? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????
  ???????????? ? ??????????

39
?????????????? ???????

• ?????????? ?????????????? ???????, ???????????? ?
  ???????
• ????? (???? ? ?????)
• ?????????????
• ?????
• ??????????? ????????
• ????????? PV ??????? (???????? ? ??????????
  ???????)
• ???????? ???????
• ????????????? ????????????????? ? ?????????? ?
  RTE
• ?????????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ? ????????
  ??? ????????????? ???????? (??? ??????? ?????
  ??????? ?????????????? ???????)
• ????????????????? ?????????????????, ???????? ?
  ??????????? ?????, ??????? ?????????????? ??
  ?????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??
  ????????????? ???????

40
???????????

• ????/??????
• ?????? ????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? CDM
• ?????????, ???????????? ?? ????????? ????? ?
  ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?
  ??????????????
• ????????? ? ????? ????????
• ??????????? ???????? ???????? ? ????????? ???
  ?????????? ????? ????? CDM
• ????? ?????? ? ?????????? ?????
• ?????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????,
  ??????? ???????? ???????
• ??????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ????????
• ????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ????????
  ???????
• ????? ????????? CDM ????? ??????????????? ??????

41
???????

• ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ? ?????????
  ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???? ??????
  ? ??????? ??????????, ?????????? ???????? ???
  ???????
• http//www.unescap.org/esd/energy/

42
???????????????? ? ????????? ???????
43
????????? ???????????????? ? ????????? ???????
Notes R Ratification At Acceptance Ap
Approval Ac AccessionSource UNFCCC, 17 March
2004
44
????????? CDM
45
????????? ??????? ?? CDM ? ??????? ??????????

• ????????? CDM ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??
  ?????????? ??????? ? ????????, ???????? COP 8.
• ???1 ??????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?
  ???????????? ???????? ?????????, ???????
  ???????????? 15 MW
• ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????
• ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????????
• ???????? ??????? ??? ????????????
• ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???
  ?????????????
• ??? 2 ??????? ?? ????????? ???????????????????
  (??), ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????, ???
  ?? ??????? ??????, ??? ? ??????????? ?? side, by
  up to the equivalent of 15 GWh ? ???
• ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????????? TD
• ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????????? - ?????????
• ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????
  ??????????
• ?? ? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????????
  ????????
• ???? ?? ?? ? ???????????? ??????? ??? ?????
  ??????
• ??? 3 ?????? ????????? ????????????, ???????
  ??????? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????, ?
  ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????? 15
  ???????? CO2 ????????
• ???????????????????? ???????
• ???????????? ???????
• ???????????? ????????
• ????????? ? ????????

46
?????? ????????? CDM

• ????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??
  ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???????????,
  ???????????, ??????????, ???????? ? ????????????
• ?????????? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????
  ???????
• ???????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ?????????
  ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????
  ???????
• ????? ??????????? ????????, ??????? ??????????
  ?????????? ? ???????????, ????? ??????? ???????
  ?? ?????????? ?
• ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????
  ???????????, ? ????? ???????? ? ????????????.