France and Louis XIV

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France and Louis XIV

• The most absolute monarch

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Objectives

• Describe the Religious and political conflicts in
  France
• Identify the causes and effects of French wars
• Describe France under the leadership of Louis XIV

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Henry IV

• 1st Bourbon King
• He brought an end to religious warfare in France
  Huguenots v. Catholics had been going on for
  decades. Why?
• Henry IV was Protestant Converted to Catholicism
• He helped rebuild France and strengthened the
  throne
• Passed Edict of Nantes
• He was assassinated in 1610

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Henry IV
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Maria Medici Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Louis XIII

• Louis XIII was Henry IVs son, he needed help
• 1624 Cardinal Richelieu does much more (30 years
  war)
• Richelieu limited Protestants rights and limited
  the power of nobility
• He passed his position to Cardinal Mazarin

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Louis XIII
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30 years war 1618-1648

• A catholic comes to power in HRE Ferdinand II he
  is a Hapsburg
• Other German Princes rebelled and open war broke
  out
• The Hapsburg were victorious for 12 years
• The French Join the war and push down the
  Hapsburgs
• Only because they hate the Hapsburgs

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Louis XIV

• Louis XIV (son of Louis XIII) became king in
  1643 he was only 5 yrs old
• Mazarin died in 1661
• Louis XIV is King
• Louis first decreased the power of the nobles by
  kicking them out of his councils
• He wanted all the power
• He did not trust the nobles-bad experiences as a
  child

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Cardinal Mazarin
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Louis as a child
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• Strengthened intendants officials who collected
  taxes administered justice
• Jean Baptiste Colbert helped Louis with finances
  had great relations with merchants
• Colbert helped to make France the most powerful
  country in Europe by the mid 1600s

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Versailles

• Versailles began as a hunting lodge by Louis XIII
  in 1624
• It was converted it to a palace in 1688
• He did not like Paris
• The palace was said to consume 20 of the
  governments income (recent estimates are 7)
• The palace was massive with over 2,000 rooms
• Not one of them was a bathroom?

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Versailles at sun set
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Hall way at Versailles
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The Gardens
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Fountains
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Versailles was a symbol of power

• Everyone wanted to build one that was bigger and
  better but few could even compete with the
  splendor of Versailles
• Take a look at these copy cats

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Caserta North of Naples, Italy
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Wilanow palace in Poland
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Wurzburg Germany
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Blenhiem, England Built to honor The Duke of
Marlborough, Louis enemy
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So What happened

• Louis XIV threw away everything in the name of
  Glory.
• Fighting wars-War of Spanish Succession
• Building Palaces

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War of Spanish Succession 1702-1713

• Childless king of Spain Charles II dies and
  passes the throne to a French prince
• France is seen as having too much power
• England, Austria, Netherlands and several other
  German countries come together to fight the
  French
• France loses and Britain wins big
• Score another one for the Brits

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Louis XIV Legacy

• He made France a powerful military force
• He left France in deep debt
• Many believed that he abused his royal powers
• Putting France in the middle of many wars
• The people celebrated his death in 1715

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Peasants suffered for all Louiss Glory
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Consequences

• Emigration of the Huguenots
• Merchant class-brain drain-lost revenue (taxes)
  and talents-(printing, glass, ceramics) Ideas
  (freedom of religion, right to bear arms)
• Can you guess where they went

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Vocabulary Terms

• Louis XIV
• War of Spanish Succession
• Versailles
• Henry IV
• Complete the following in your notes
• Pg214 Geography skills 1-2
• Pg 215 Primary sources 1-3
• Pg 218 Science and technology 1
• Pg 225 Connecting the past 1-3