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Section II: Louis XIV Rules France (Pages 392-396)

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Title: Section II: Louis XIV Rules France (Pages 392-396)


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Section II Louis XIV Rules France(Pages
392-396)
  • This section is about
  • The conflicts over religion during the sixteenth
    century as well as the negotiations that helped
    resolve the conflicts.
  • The reign of Louis XIV and his influence on
    French culture, and his interactions with and
    influences on foreign nations.

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  • This section is mostly about one person we
    havent had that too much.
  • Look at the Main Ideas on 392.
  • We should also look at the top right of 392
    Active Reading Summarize.
  • This section starts with something were familiar
    with Protestants but in France the Calvinist
    Protestants were called Huguenots

The Eight Beatitudes
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Religious Conflict
  • In the 1500s, many French nobles were Protestant
    Huguenots (more than 1/3).
  • Many of the French monarchs (King Francis I and
    King Henry II) were Roman Catholics and they
    would sometimes burn the Protestants at the stake
    (for heresy).
  • From 1560-1600, there were 9 civil wars in France
    over which would be more powerful.
  • At one point, Henry II and Charles IX ordered a
    massacre (of thousands) of Huguenots.
  • This is known as the Saint Bartholomew's day
    Massacre after the day it started.
  • One of the main Huguenot leaders (Henry of
    Navarre) only survived by renouncing his
    protestant religion.

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Catherine de' Medici is shown emerging from the
Château du Lou (Mother of King Charles)
Admiral Coligny's body hanging out of a window
(Huguenot Leader)
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Henry IV and Cardinal Richelieu
  • This all led to even more war.
  • The Spanish came to help the Roman Catholics.
  • This bothered many small Protestant towns.
  • Both sides eventually realized they should get
    along and they stopped fighting.
  • Their new leader was Henry of Navarre who
    became a Protestant again.
  • When Henry III was assassinated, Henry of Navarre
    became the next king of France (as Henry IV).

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  • Henry IV was going to re-unify the country (even
    though it was about 1/3 Huguenot and 2/3 Roman
    Catholic).
  • He rejected his Protestant faith (yes, again),
    became Roman catholic, and begged the Pope for
    forgiveness.
  • He issued the Edict of Nantes which encouraged
    religious tolerance in France.
  • In 1619, he was succeeded by his son.
  • But because his son (Louis XIII) was just 9 years
    old, the chief minister of France (Cardinal
    Richelieu) managed the country for a while.
  • Since he was Roman Catholic, he changed the Edict
    of Nantes.
  • He also put the power of France back into the
    hands of a single person a monarch (the King)

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Louis XIV The Sun KingThe Great Monarch
  • When Louis XIII died, his son was just 5.
  • Same thing again a Cardinal took over for a
    while, but when he died, Louis XIV did take over
    (at 23).
  • Just like his grandfather (Henry IV), he believed
    in absolute monarchy (all power comes from God
    and Kings are Gods representatives on earth).
  • Louis XIV believed in peace at home and war
    abroad quadrupling the size of his army (which
    cost a lot of money).
  • Louis XIV also cancelled the Edict of Nantes
    and many Protestants left the country so they
    wouldnt have to become Catholics.

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A Grand Palace
  • Louis XIV built a new palace at Versailles
    (about 10 miles outside Paris).
  • Versailles had hundreds of rooms filled with
    tapestries, chandeliers, dazzling mirrors,
    gardens, fountains, elaborate landscaping, marble
    statues, etc
  • This was more than a residence it was a symbol
    of the monarchy of France
  • Louis XIV was even described as the Sun King.
  • Another part of Versailles everything was done
    with great ceremony (as in the on page 394).

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Arts and Culture Under Louis XIV
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  • The art style of the times and of Louis XIV is
    called the Baroque style (ornate decoration).
  • The literature and painting of the time are
    called neo-classical (after the Greeks and
    Romans).
  • Writing (literature and drama) Pierre
    Corneille, Jean Racine, and Jean Baptiste
    Poquelin (Moliere).
  • Science and Philosophy Descartes (mathematics)
    and Blaise Pascal (science and religion). These
    ideas were based on skepticism doubting and/or
    challenging knowledge

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France and the Rest of Europe
  • The greatest significance of this time period
    things that had to do with power and the balance
    of power.
  • Everyone wanted power, without letting any one
    state get too much of it and taking over a region.

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Louis XIVs Foreign Policy
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  • At home Louis XIV wanted peace.
  • Away from home almost constant wars.
  • He didnt want he Hapsburgs too have any more
    power (they were close to surrounding France).
  • When King Charles II of Spain died, he gave all
    his lands to Louis XIVs grandson.
  • England didnt want them to have all that land,
    so they fought for it.
  • England won and the agreement was that Spain and
    Frances thrones would never be united.

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Finish the rest on your own
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The Legacy of Louis XIV
  • Louis XIV unified France.
  • He made France a great power.
  • He expanded French culture even beyond Europe.
  • His projects (Versailles) and his wars cost a lot
    of money.
  • This money came from taxpayers, who were becoming
    very poor and angry (often on the edge of
    starvation).
  • He was King of France for 72 years so long that
    when he died, his great grandson (5 years old
    though) inherited the throne (longest reigning
    monarch in European history).

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This is the last slide for today
Make sure page "C" is completed
The Carriages of Versailles
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