Title: Section II: Louis XIV Rules France (Pages 392-396)
1Section II Louis XIV Rules France(Pages
392-396)
- This section is about
- The conflicts over religion during the sixteenth
century as well as the negotiations that helped
resolve the conflicts. - The reign of Louis XIV and his influence on
French culture, and his interactions with and
influences on foreign nations.
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2- This section is mostly about one person we
havent had that too much. - Look at the Main Ideas on 392.
- We should also look at the top right of 392
Active Reading Summarize. - This section starts with something were familiar
with Protestants but in France the Calvinist
Protestants were called Huguenots
The Eight Beatitudes
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3Religious Conflict
- In the 1500s, many French nobles were Protestant
Huguenots (more than 1/3). - Many of the French monarchs (King Francis I and
King Henry II) were Roman Catholics and they
would sometimes burn the Protestants at the stake
(for heresy). - From 1560-1600, there were 9 civil wars in France
over which would be more powerful. - At one point, Henry II and Charles IX ordered a
massacre (of thousands) of Huguenots. - This is known as the Saint Bartholomew's day
Massacre after the day it started. - One of the main Huguenot leaders (Henry of
Navarre) only survived by renouncing his
protestant religion.
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Catherine de' Medici is shown emerging from the
Château du Lou (Mother of King Charles)
Admiral Coligny's body hanging out of a window
(Huguenot Leader)
5Henry IV and Cardinal Richelieu
- This all led to even more war.
- The Spanish came to help the Roman Catholics.
- This bothered many small Protestant towns.
- Both sides eventually realized they should get
along and they stopped fighting. - Their new leader was Henry of Navarre who
became a Protestant again. - When Henry III was assassinated, Henry of Navarre
became the next king of France (as Henry IV). -
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6- Henry IV was going to re-unify the country (even
though it was about 1/3 Huguenot and 2/3 Roman
Catholic). - He rejected his Protestant faith (yes, again),
became Roman catholic, and begged the Pope for
forgiveness. - He issued the Edict of Nantes which encouraged
religious tolerance in France. - In 1619, he was succeeded by his son.
- But because his son (Louis XIII) was just 9 years
old, the chief minister of France (Cardinal
Richelieu) managed the country for a while. - Since he was Roman Catholic, he changed the Edict
of Nantes. - He also put the power of France back into the
hands of a single person a monarch (the King)
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7Louis XIV The Sun KingThe Great Monarch
- When Louis XIII died, his son was just 5.
- Same thing again a Cardinal took over for a
while, but when he died, Louis XIV did take over
(at 23). - Just like his grandfather (Henry IV), he believed
in absolute monarchy (all power comes from God
and Kings are Gods representatives on earth). - Louis XIV believed in peace at home and war
abroad quadrupling the size of his army (which
cost a lot of money). - Louis XIV also cancelled the Edict of Nantes
and many Protestants left the country so they
wouldnt have to become Catholics.
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8A Grand Palace
- Louis XIV built a new palace at Versailles
(about 10 miles outside Paris). - Versailles had hundreds of rooms filled with
tapestries, chandeliers, dazzling mirrors,
gardens, fountains, elaborate landscaping, marble
statues, etc - This was more than a residence it was a symbol
of the monarchy of France - Louis XIV was even described as the Sun King.
- Another part of Versailles everything was done
with great ceremony (as in the on page 394).
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14Arts and Culture Under Louis XIV
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- The art style of the times and of Louis XIV is
called the Baroque style (ornate decoration). - The literature and painting of the time are
called neo-classical (after the Greeks and
Romans). - Writing (literature and drama) Pierre
Corneille, Jean Racine, and Jean Baptiste
Poquelin (Moliere). - Science and Philosophy Descartes (mathematics)
and Blaise Pascal (science and religion). These
ideas were based on skepticism doubting and/or
challenging knowledge
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15France and the Rest of Europe
- The greatest significance of this time period
things that had to do with power and the balance
of power. - Everyone wanted power, without letting any one
state get too much of it and taking over a region.
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16Louis XIVs Foreign Policy
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- At home Louis XIV wanted peace.
- Away from home almost constant wars.
- He didnt want he Hapsburgs too have any more
power (they were close to surrounding France). - When King Charles II of Spain died, he gave all
his lands to Louis XIVs grandson. - England didnt want them to have all that land,
so they fought for it. - England won and the agreement was that Spain and
Frances thrones would never be united.
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Finish the rest on your own
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17The Legacy of Louis XIV
- Louis XIV unified France.
- He made France a great power.
- He expanded French culture even beyond Europe.
- His projects (Versailles) and his wars cost a lot
of money. - This money came from taxpayers, who were becoming
very poor and angry (often on the edge of
starvation). - He was King of France for 72 years so long that
when he died, his great grandson (5 years old
though) inherited the throne (longest reigning
monarch in European history).
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18This is the last slide for today
Make sure page "C" is completed
The Carriages of Versailles
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