Gary Clark

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Gary Clark www.bennettsassociates.com
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• Introduction
• Practice Founded 20 Years ago
• Over 80 awards including Best
• Practice and Prime Minister Best
• Building Awards.
• Founding member of UK Green
• Building Council
• Best Practice Buildings in 80s,
• 90s, 00s
• Sustainability is at heart of
• practices architectural philosophy
• BREEAM Excellent and Carbon
• reductions of 80 are key targets

Potterrow Development, University of Edinburgh
Cass Business School, London
Matthew Hay Project, University of Aberdeen
Humanities Building, Oxford University
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Energy Certificates and Zero Carbon Trajectory
Report on Carbon Emissions in new non-domestic
buildings UKGBC
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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath 1998-2000
Six steps towards sustainable construction
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Briefing
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Independent QA
POE Criteria
Independent QA
Independent QA
Process Evaluation/ Operational Review
Independent QA
Soft Landings
Independent QA
ALL
Environmental Psychology
Environmental Psychology
Soft Landings/ EP
Functional Evaluation/ Review
Soft Landings /EP
Soft Landings
Independent QA
Independent QA
Independent QA
Soft Landings
Soft Landings
Technical Evaluation/ Strategic Review
ALL
Soft Landings
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• Environmental Psychology Research
• Measurable outcomes(academic performance,
  student engagement, research output, etc.)
• Pre-post comparisons(control group pre/post
  test cross sectional design)
• Control of variables(leadership, pedagogy, entry
  qualifications, etc., etc.)
• Causal relationships(direct and indirect
  effects)
• Statistical analysis(significant improvements)

Dr Edward Edgerton, Psychology Division,
University of West of Scotland
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Usable Buildings Trust Soft Landings

• Ensure that the operational needs of the building
  are embedded in procurement and contractual
  obligations
• Soft Landings means that designers and
  constructors will not disappear at practical
  completion.
• Soft Landings identifies specific gateways in the
  design and construction process where performance
  issues need to be addressed.
• Soft Landings provides graduated handover, to
  operational readiness, and onto long-term,
  sustained high performance.

Usable Buildings Trust
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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath, 1998-2001
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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath, 1998-2001
Passive Engineering

• Energy efficiency efficient building form and
  orientation, external shading, exposed thermal
  mass, daylight optimisation, and high efficiency
  plant.
• Low embodied energy carbon dioxide emissions
  from all of the major assemblies were analysed.
• Reductions in transport transport emissions
  were considered in the specification of
  materials.
• Water recycling grey water was recycled from
  roofs for toilet flushing and irrigation,
  reducing potable water use by around 50.
• Enhanced biodiversity Existing trees protected
  and new planting in courtyards and on roof
  terraces.

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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath, 1998-2001
Findings

• Air infiltration leaks found in external
  envelope
• Changes made to the BMS reduced the pre-heat
  period and advanced heating switch off.
• Corrections were also made to frost protection
  regimes, which was bringing boilers and pumps on
  prematurely.
• Additional electrical usage
• External lighting
• IT/Comms hubs
• Kitchen fresh air ventilation
• PC power consumption (53,000kWh/y)
• Control Room (24/7 operation)
• Default on during unoccupied hours

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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath, 1998-2001
Results Asset 36kgCO2/m2 Operational G-Rating
kgCO2/m2
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Wessex Water Operations Centre, Bath, 1998-2001
Lessons Learnt

• Three year POE
• Year 1- Full year balancing
• Year 2- Heating and Air tightness
• Year 3- IT and electrical usage
• Penetrations in cladding and service openings
• HV BMS controls
• Water Usage
• Normalised regulated emissions achieved
  predicted.
• Unregulated and IT emissions very high

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Brighton Central Library Development, 1999-2004
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Jubilee Library, Brighton, 1999-2004
Sustainability Strategies
Perimeter zones use Termodeck hollow core plank
system for heating and cooling Stack ventilation
through central reading space and wind
cowls Digital lighting controls inc. daylighting
dimming, PIR auto-shut off and dimming Thermal
recovery during winter months Rainwater recycling
to flush WCs Basic sub-metering Chiller
included in design but rarely used, contractual
necessity
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Jubilee Library, Brighton, 1999-2004
How green is this building? Asset 27
kgCO2/m2 Operational D-Rating
kgCO2/m2
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Jubilee Library, Brighton, 1999-2004
Lessons Learnt
Realistic predictions architect
awareness Passive environmental design
embedded/integrate in design at early stage
cannot be removed eg concrete trees Inflexibility
of Termodeck local cooling in high demand
areas Air-tightness low values demanded by
environmental design, on site monitoring Submeter
ing inadequate cannot separate lighting and
small power
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Potterrow
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Potterrow, Edinburgh University, 2003- 2008
Case Study
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Potterrow, Edinburgh University, 2003- 2008
Sustainable Strategies
Post Construction BREEAM Excellent Thin plan
form Exposed Thermal Mass Efficient Glazing
Ratio Atria used as stack vent return Air tight
construction- 6.8m3/m2/hr Prefabricated low
embodied construction Displacement ventilation
with thermal recovery. Daylight linked digital
lighting system Tri-generation CHP system
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Potterrow, Edinburgh University, 2003- 2008
Case Study
How green is this building? Asset 16kgCO2/m2
Operational B-Rating
DEC Rating
kgCO2/m2
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Potterrow, Edinburgh University, 2003- 2008
Lessons Learnt
Displacement Ventilation and Cellular
Accommodation CHP system reduces carbon emissions
by 30 Future proof U-Values Air-tightness Commiss
ioning of Digital Lighting controls
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• Interactive Space Research
• Aim
• to improve research output/quality
• Role of building
• to facilitate opportunities for social
  interaction
• Measures
• survey (pattern of work, space usage,
  satisfaction)
• behavioural mapping
• secondary data
• Design
• 3 data collection phases
• Outcomes
• Change in behaviour

Dr Edward Edgerton
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Carbon Emissions Benchmarking
80 Reduction
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Wessex Water (right), Potterrow, Edinburgh
University (left)
Conclusions

• Briefing and appointment of experienced team
  essential
• POE confirmed at start of project
• Keep it simple
• On-site testing
• Soft Landings and User Guides
• Low Carbon possible, but
• Buildings operating longer
• Increase in unregulated and IT emissions are
  wiping out any regulated savings.

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Performance Benefits Net Zero Asset Energy and
CO2Water, waste, transportDurability,
life-cycleRunning costStaff
integrationOccupant satisfaction Productivity
Commercial value
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Gary Clark www.bennettsassociates.com