North Carolina Agricultural

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Agroforestry and Sustainable Vegetable Production
in Southeast Asian Watersheds

• TMPEGS Presentation at the third annual SANREM
  III Meeting, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
• May 26, 2008

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Acknowledgement
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Vegetable-TreeVT

• Dedicated to VT 4/16 Victims
• We will continue to invent the future through
  our blood and tears and through all our
  sadness.... We will prevail....
• Nikki Giovanni, University Distinguished
  Professor, poet, activist

Julia Pryde SANREM graduate student
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TMPEGSTeaMPEGS
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• TMPEGS
• Stands for our TeaMs
• Philosophy

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PEGS

• A peg is a pin forming a projection that may be
  used as a support

TMPEGS Philosophy We are PEGS supporting
small scale farmers both women and men
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Perla Binahon
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• Picture Picture

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TMPEGS

• Technology complementarity

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TMPEGS

• Marketing value chain

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TMPEGS

• Policy incentives

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TMPEGS

• E

nvironmental conomic-social impact
it works
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TMPEGS

• Gender equity

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TMPEGS

• Scaling-up contagiousness

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Conceptual Framework
Technology
Vegetables
Baseline studies
Complementary agroforestry systems
Trees
Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts
Marketing
Gender
Policy
Stakeholders mainly Small Scale Farmers both
Women and Men
Scaling-up
Predominant flow Feedback flow
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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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(No Transcript)
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Vietnam - Cashew
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Vietnam Cashew - Vegetables
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Vietnam Cashew - Vegetables
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Vietnam Cashew - Vegetables
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Vietnam Cashew - Vegetables

• Amaranth, kangkong, okra, and bitter gourd
  achieved highest yield under full sun light
  condition
• Mustard and French bean have highest yield under
  medium light condition
• Average yield of cashew trees located between two
  vegetable rows was recorded to be 17 more than
  average yield without vegetables planted.

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Indonesia mixed tree species
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Indonesia mixed tree species
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Indonesia mixed tree species
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Philippines
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Philippines
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Philippines
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Philippines
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Taiwan
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Taiwan
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• Do trees improve vegetable yields?
• Yes for unique vegetable tree combinations
• Jun Mercados presentation

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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Indigenous vegetables
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Indigenous vegetables
Shade loving Bambang Purwokos poster
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Indigenous vegetables
Shade loving
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Indigenous vegetables
Shade loving
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Indigenous vegetables
Medicinal Nutritional
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• Do indigenous vegetables improve vegetable tree
  complementarity?
• Yes many indigenous vegetables improve VT
  complementarity
• Jun Mercados presentation

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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Drip irrigation moisture competition
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Drip irrigation
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Drip irrigation
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• Does drip irrigation improve vegetable tree
  complementarity?
• Yes based on preliminary results

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Drip irrigation design
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Drip irrigation
Victor Ellas poster
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Recommendation of design guidelines for steep
slopes
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Drip irrigation
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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Cover crop (perennial peanut)
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Cover crop (perennial peanut)
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Recommended Spacing between trees is wider
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Reduced tillage prototype
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Reduced tillage prototype
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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Home gardens
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Home gardens
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Home gardens
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Commercial
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Commercial
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Commercial
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Goal
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Vetiver study
Termite control Poster by Has team
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Weed management study
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TMPEGS

• Marketing value chain

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Conceptual Framework
Technology
Vegetables
Baseline studies
Complementary agroforestry systems
Trees
Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts
Marketing
Gender
Policy
Stakeholders mainly Small Scale Farmers both
Women and Men
Scaling-up
Predominant flow Feedback flow
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With or Without Pintoi
Chinese Cabbage
Experiments are conducted with marketable
marketable vegetables
No drip
Bell Pepper
With drip
Tomato
No Tillage
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Goal (social)
Enhance Vegetable-TreeVT Complementarity
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Weak links in the chain
Short course in kucai and katuk
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Weak links in the chain
Production and post-harvest handling of katuc and
kucai Poster of Kurniawan Iwan
A successful katuk farmer
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Links in the chain
Links of upland vegetable farmers to lowland
Philippine market. Ellen Javier
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Links in the chain
Importance of perennial crops with growing local
demand for vegetables Has team
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TMPEGS

• Policy incentives

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Conceptual Framework
Technology
Vegetables
Baseline studies
Complementary agroforestry systems
Trees
Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts
Marketing
Gender
Policy
Stakeholders mainly Small Scale Farmers both
Women and Men
Scaling-up
Predominant flow Feedback flow
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Favor the rich
National and local policies on vegetable-tree
systems Del and Has presentation
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TMPEGS

• E

nvironmental conomic-social impact
it works
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Watershed Impact

• Existing vegetable systems have about 157 times
  more soil loss than forested areas
• Ella, Alibuyog, Heatwole, and Reyes poster

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Stream Monitoring Heatwole Ella Alibuyog -
Reyes
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Weather Monitoring Heatwole Ella Alibuyog
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Economics of VT complementarity

• Concluded that bell pepper is a promising
  vegetable for Nangung VT system
• Suseno Budidarsonos
• Poster

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Economics of drip systems and VT complementarity
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TMPEGS

• Gender equity

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Conceptual Framework
Technology
Vegetables
Baseline studies
Complementary agroforestry systems
Trees
Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts
Marketing
Gender
Policy
Stakeholders mainly Small Scale Farmers both
Women and Men
Scaling-up
Predominant flow Feedback flow
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Role of women in nutrition

• Home garden vegetables - Vietnam

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Role of gender in vegetable marketing

• Ellen Javiers presentation and poster

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TMPEGS

• Scaling-up contagiousness

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Field day
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Questions please