Indian Initiative for Information Society Rural Scenario

1
Indian Initiative for Information Society Rural
Scenario 2nd Meeting of Asia-Pacific Initiative
for Information Society(AIIS), BRUNEI
2
Outline

• Profile of India
• Features of rural areas
• Government initiatives for rural areas
• Technology options
• Rural Telecom Development

3
Profile of India
Total area - 3.28 million sq. kms
slightly more than one third size of US 1000
millions population or 200 million
households Rural Urban Population
ratio 72 28 Tele-density
1 11
4
Features of Rural Areas

• More than 600 thousand villages
• Wide spread sparsely populated villages
• Difficult inhospitable terrain
• Road, electricity, water - poor infrastructure
• Primarily agricultural economy

5
Government Initiative National Telecom Policy

• Encourage development of telecom in rural areas
• Making rural communication mandatory for all
• Basic service providers
• Increase rural tele-density to 4.0
• Provide reliable transmission media
• National/ International Long distance services
• opened up
• Provide internet access to all district
• headquarters
• Legalized electronic transactions

6
9th plan (1997-2002) rural objectives

• Provide Village Public Telephones (VPTs) to all
  villages
• Replace all analog exchanges by digital
  electronic exchange
• Reliable media connectivity to all exchanges
• STD facility in all telephone exchanges

7
Technology options

• Wireline solutions
• Wireless solutions
• Factors for choice of technology
• Terrain
• Existing network
• Socio economic status of the area
• Electricity other infrastructure facilities

8
New Technologies

• C-DoT TDMA/PMP
• (Time division multiple access/point to
  multi-point)
• Wireless in Local Loop (WLL)
• - CDMA based
• (code division multiple access)
• - Cor-DECT based
• (digitally enhanced cordless technology)
• Satellite for remote/isolated areas.

9
C-DoT TDMA/PMP

• Wireless- cum -wired technology
• Operates in 1427-1525 MHz frequency band
• Maximum range 15 kms
• Connection from RSU to subs on physical lines
• Suitable for areas with scattered demand and low
  potential for growth

10
TDMA/PMP
8 TO 32 LOCAL LINES
27 RADIO CHANNELS 1.5 GHz
R
X
R
R
30 CH PCM
X
X
PSTN
BSU
R
X
40 LOCAL SUBSCRIBER
11
WLL - CDMA

• Ideally suited for providing VPTs and to meet
  scattered demand in rural areas
• Wireless system with LOS range of 25 kms
• Operates in frequency band of 824-845 and 869-889
  MHz
• Supports Voice, FAX and Data up to 14.4 kbps

12
WLL CDMA
BTS
EXCHANGE
BSC
V5.2
BTS
13
Cor-DECT

• Toll Quality Voice
• Simultaneous Voice and Data
• Internet upto 70 kbps
• Does NOT offer mobility
• Provide cost effective wireless connectivity
• Operates in 1880 1900 MHz band

14
Cor-DECT components
15
SATELLITE SYSTEM

• For remote and isolated places which cant be
  covered by any terrestrial means
• Costly proposition
• Several technology choices

16
INMARSAT Mini-M Terminals (operational)

• Small size terminal with low power requirement
• Operates in L band on INMARSAT
• Antenna size - 50x50 cm
• Supports voice, Fax 2.4 kbps data
• Solar powered

17
Digital Satellite Phone Terminal (Planned)

• Can provide multiple channels
• To works in Ku band on INSAT satellite
• Supports voice, Fax and data upto 14.4 kbps
• Provision of IP port for higher data rates
• Antenna size - 1.2 meter

18
Rural Telecom Development
19
BSNL RURAL NETWORK STATUS (as on 30-6-2002)

• Rural working connection (DELs)
• Fixed lines 9.22 million
• WLL 0.21 million
• Total 9.43 million (28)
• Rural Exchanges 27,124 (78)
• Rural demand 1.47 million (73)

20
RURAL NETWORK GROWTH

• YEAR S/W capacity DELS New Xge
• (increase) (increase)
  (added)
• 1998-99 1.08 m 0.66 m 928
• 1999-00 1.83 m 1.18 m 2381
• 2000-01 2.60 m 1.84 m
  3201
• 2001-02 2.75 m 2.47 m
  2083

21
TRANSMISSION NETWORK

• Optical Fibre (route kms) 337,006
• Radio System (route kms) 206,235
• Satellite Stations 494

22
Village Public Telephones (VPTs)

• TOTAL VILLAGES 6,07,491
• Villages covered 5,02,736
• By BSNL 4,99,836
• By private operator 2,900

23
Technology wise VPTs by BSNL

• Land line 2,22,284
• MARR 1,88,238
• INMARSAT 321
• TDMA/PMP 415
• WLL (CDMA) 89,578
• TOTAL 4,99,836

24
Provision of STD facility
25
Rural Exchanges

• Mainly digital switches based on C-DoT technology
  (requiring no a/c)
• More than 90 on optical fibre
• All analog replaced by digital switches
• All smaller exchanges planned to be converted
• C-DoT SBM ? RSU of main C-DoT
• C-DoT 256P ? AN on V5.2 C-DoT/NT

26
Shift to Wireless

• Faster roll out, better coverage
• Plan for more than 50 on wireless
• More coverage for lesser cost
• To selectively use CDMA, Cor-DECT, GSM, CDoT
  TDMA/PMP in rural areas

27
RURAL INTERNET

• National Internet Backbone(NIB) covering entire
  country
• Around 200 rural Internet nodes
• Internet Dhabas(cyber café) in 3171
• Block HQ (50)
• Free internet access at Block HQ
• VPTs to upgrade for minimum 14.4 kbps data rate

28
THANK YOU

• N K Yadav , DDG(Rural Network) Bharat Sanchar
  Nigam Limited
• NEW DELHI, INDIA
• E-mail ddgrn_at_nda.vsnl.net.in
• Telephone [phone]
• Visit us at www.bsnl.com