Animals Part 1

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Animals Part 1

• Chapter 14

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A. 6 Characteristics of Animals

• All animals are multicellular eukaryotic and do
  not have cell walls.
• All animals are consumers.
• All animals have specialized parts, such as
  tissues and organs.

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6 characteristics (continued)

• 4. Most animals reproduce sexually using sex
  cells, sperm and egg.
• 5. Most animals develop from embryo, an organism
  in its earliest stage of development.
• 6. Most animals can move from place to place and
  are active in search of food.

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B. Vertebrate vs. Invertebrate

• Animals have a nervous system to help them
  respond to their environment
• Vertebrates have a skull and backbone to protect
  most of the nervous system.
• Invertebrates lack a skull and backbone but make
  up most of the animals on Earth.

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C. Animal Behavior

• 1. Every animal species has adapted to their
  surroundings to obtain the most food using the
  least amount of energy.
• 2. Animals have adapted ways to protect
  themselves from predators
• a. Camouflage-blending with background
• b. Warning coloration-bright designs
• c. Threatening appearance-horns, toxins

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D. Animal Smarts

• Sometimes animals instinctively know what to do,
  but sometimes they learn.
• Behavior that does not depend on learning or
  experience is innate behavior.
• Learned behavior is behavior that has been
  learned from experiences or from observing other
  animals.

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F. Seasonal Behavior

• 1. Migration is traveling from one place to
  another to find food, water and shelter.
• 2. Hibernation is a period of inactivity and
  decreased body temperature that some animals
  experience in winter.
• 3. Estivation is a period of decreased activity
  in the summer.
• 4. Daily cycles called circadian rhythms can be
  controlled by a biological clock.

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G. Living together

• Social behavior is the interactions between
  members of the same species.
• It relies on communication
• pheromoeschemical communication
• Courtshipa dance, or home building
• Territoryget out of my space
• Sight, sound, smell
• Groups provide protection and competition.