Current Health situation in Somalia

1
Current Health situation in Somalia
2
General context
The country is facing heavy crisis with
cumulative erosion of assets for both pastoral
and agricultural communities, undermining their
coping strategies and leading to greater
vulnerability. Conflict in Somalia has
increased population displacement Vulnerable
affected people are at risk of malnutrition and
communicable diseases (living conditions of
displace population).

3
Country profile

•  Area in square kilometers 637,657 sq km
• Total population in thousands 8,445,000
• Urban population out of total population 36
• Population growth rate 3.1
• Population below 15 years 44.4a
• Population 65 years and over 2.6
• Total fertility rate (R) per woman 6.7

4
Country profile cont.

•  Adult literacy rate 15 years, total ()25
• Gross primary school enrolment ratio - total ()7

5
Health indices

• IMR 130/1000
• MMR 600/1000
• LER 54/56M/F
• CBR 1000 pop. 44.6
• CDR per 1000 pop. 16.3

6
Health indices cont.

• Population with sustainable access to improved
  water source ()29
• Population with access to improved sanitation
  ()37
• Unemployment in percent 47

7
HEALTH FACILITIES

• VERY LIMITED HEALTH FACILITIES
• About 39 hospitals in the country
• About 42 Malaria microscopy centers
• Reproductive system
• 144 MCH
• Lab. Facilities
• 4 reference labs
• 26 blood banks
• 26 TB centers

8
Child Health in Somalia

• Child mortality
• The rates of child morbidity and mortality in
  Somalia remain among the highest in the world
• Childhood diseases
• Infectious diseases, notably respiratory
  infections and diarrhoeal diseases are the
  leading killers of infants and young children.
• Neonatal tetanus and other birth-related problems
• Measles, malaria

9
Child Health in Somalia Cont.

• Child immunization
• Only about 10 percent of children under one have
  all eight recommended vaccinations. 
• Child Nutrition
• Malnutrition is a chronic problem in Somalia,
  with 25 per cent of children underweight
  (moderate and severe).

10
Nutritional status

• Significant regional differences exist, with
  Global Acute Malnutrition ranging from 19.5 to
  37.
• with a global acute malnutrition (GAM) rate
  (WHZlt-2 or oedema) of 27.9
• And a severe acute malnutrition (SAM) rate
  (WHZlt-3 or oedema) of 7.6 (5.3-10.8) with seven
  (0.9) oedema cases

11
Nutritional status Cont.

• The alarming nutrition situation is largely
  attributed to morbidity,
• including the outbreak of acute watery diarrhea
  (AWD October 2008 Health Cluster Bulletin)
• Through out southern and central Somalia,
  malnutrition rate out side emergencies remains
  over 15 (w/H -2 Z score or edema )

12
Malnourished child
13
Adequacy of health personnel

• Physicians per 100,000 population 0.4
• Dentists per 100,000 population1.7
• Pharmacists per 100,000 population Na
• Nursing and midwifery personnel per 100,000
  population0.1
• Hospital beds per 100,000 population Na
• Primary health care units and centers 4.8

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What are the causes of malnutrition?

• Immediate causes.individual
• Underlying..households/communities
• Basic.society
• UNICEF conceptual framework to determine causes
  of malnutrition

15
UNICEF Conceptual framework of Malnutrition
16
(wasting malnutrition)

• A very severely malnourished Somali child

17
Kwashiorkor(edematous malnutrition)
18
The need for health personnel

• Badly needed

19
Potential and current health problems

• The escalating medical conditions of our people
• The high morbidity of mortality rates in all
  population hierarchy in our society
• Financial constraints
• Lack of trained health personnel
• Administration and technical problems

20
What is our role as medical and paramedics

• Most of the deaths are due to preventable causes
• Our expertise are badly needed by our people
• We can save live if we volunteer
• Organize ourselves