HELLENISTIC PERIOD, 32330 BCE

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HELLENISTIC PERIOD, 323-30 BCE
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HELLENIC PERIOD, 650-323 HELLENISTIC, 323-30
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Greek Cultural Formations Minoan/Cretan Mycenean
Early Greek Classical Greek/Hellenic Hellenistic
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Outcome of the Hellenic Period The Temple The
City Polis Glorification of the Ideal Basis
of art and architecture sought in the permanence
of proportion
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Planetary movements Musical proportion
Proportion in the Human figure
Platonic, eternal forms
Beauty is mathematical
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The Ideal Human Body Artistic expression
where dilemmas not resolved. Co-existence of
opposites. Figure in a moment of making a
decision/choice, and that is the mark
of Humanity.
Spear Bearer by Polykleitos 450 BCE
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CLASSICAL
ARCHAIC
Warrior 460 BCE

Kouros (Young Man) 525 BCE
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Greek Temple embodies Classical Greek
ideals Geometry Enclosure Locations/Siting Colum
n/Orders Techniques Optical Corrections
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Parts of a Greek temple
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Siting
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DORIC IONIC
CORINTHIAN
The Greek Orders
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Architrave Column Stylobate Entasis
Optical Corrections
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Doric
Ionic
Temple types according to column types
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The religious and the political The temple
buildings The civic institutions The citizen The
Acropolis, religious/political center The Agora,
open air commercial center
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The Acropolis, Athens
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The Parthenon 447 BCE
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The Acropolis, Athens
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Caryatid columns
The Erectheion on the Acropolis
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The Agora, Athens
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Stoa, colonnaded portico for meetings
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Temple of Apollo, Delphi movement location
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The Hellenistic Period and the end of the
Classical polis In the new Alexandrian order,
the hundreds of co-existing city states, large
and small, that had formed the volatile Greek
communities found themselves engulfed in a vast
political entity that contained old empires like
Persia and Egypt. Greek rule was no longer
coextensive with the Greek race. The duality
between Greek and barbarian became diffused. Now
many Greeks lived among alien peoples. The
relation between the human and the divine was
also altered thus affecting the Greeks place in
the scheme of things. This was triggered when
Alexander, a mere mortal, was deified even before
his death. Kouroi sculptures were replaced by
Hellenistic ones while the kouroi showed a
contained energy at rest or equilibrium - the
body aware of its potential without the need to
advertise it, the Hellenistic figures showed
sheer brute power, boastful and over powering, or
particular emotional contents over universal
ones.. Classical values were based on the
respect of the single individual within the
framework of the city-state. It was the bigness
of the individual within the narrow confines of
the city that Classical culture celebrated. It
was precisely this that Alexanders achievement
destroyed. The city became a showcase for
urbanism and architecture on a grand scale.
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The Ideal Human Body Artistic expression
where dilemmas not resolved. Co-existence of
opposites. Figure in a moment of making a
decision/choice, and that is the mark
of Humanity.
Spear Bearer by Polykleitos 450 BCE
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CLASSICAL
ARCHAIC
Warrior 460 BCE

Kouros (Young Man) 525 BCE
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Hellenistic Art The Hellenistic figure is not
the instrument of choice but its victim. He is
not posed between alternatives, but abandoned to
face one. The observer is not allowed to engage
in the struggle. The drama has already
happened. The message is not implied but shouted
at. More melodramatic than dramatic.
Hellenistic Ruler c. 150-140 BCE
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Laocoon and His Sons, 2nd-1st c. BCE
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Dying Gallic Trumpeter, 220 BCE
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Nike of Samothrace, c. 190 BCE Venus of
Melo, c. 150 BCE
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Gallic Chief Killing Himself and His Wife, c. 220
BCE
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Temple of Apollo, Didyma various periods
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Temple of Artemis, Ephesus various periods of
reconstructions
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City of Pergamon, 281 BCE-
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Agora, Pergamon
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Altar of Zeus, Pergamon
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Priene, 3rd-2nd c BCE
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Greek Theater at Epidauros
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Theater at Priene, 200 BCE