Typhoid Vaccination Nottingham

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Typhoid Vaccination Nottingham
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Typhoid Vaccination for Travel

• The disease is caused by the bacteria Salmonella
  Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A, B or C. Typhoid
  is transmitted by food and drink that has been
  contaminated with human faeces or urine
  (faecal-oral route).
• Typhoid can be found throughout the world but it
  is more common in countries where water or food
  supplies are liable to be contaminated with human
  excreta especially in Africa, the Indian
  Sub-continent, South East Asia and South America.

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The risks for travelers

• Consumption of food and drink that has been
  contaminated with faeces or urine from a human
  case or carrier direct faecal oral contamination
  can also occur.
• As with all other illnesses spread by the faecal
  oral route, precautionary measures should be
  taken to avoid consumption of potentially
  contaminated drinks and drinking water and to
  ensure food is uncontaminated or cooked
  thoroughly.
• Personal hygiene when eating and drinking is also
  important including hand washing prior to eating
  and using clean plates, cups and utensils.

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Typhoid Vaccination

• Vaccination should be considered under the
  following circumstances and is dependent on the
  individual risk assessment
• Vaccination is recommended for travellers to high
  risk areas where food and water may be
  contaminated.
• Travel to low risk areas  vaccination may be
  recommended only to those staying in conditions
  with poor sanitation and unable to maintain their
  own hygiene precautions e.g. hand hygiene and
  water purification.
• Long term travellers staying for long periods.
• A previous typhoid illness does not confer
  reliable immunity and, when indicated, vaccine
  should still be used.

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