Strabismus: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Strabismus
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What is Strabismus?

• Strabismus is a visual disorder in which the
  eyes are misaligned and point in different
  directions. This misalignment can happen
  partially (intermittent) or all of the time
  (constant).Strabismus is characterized
  according to the direction of misalignment. When
  one of the eye is looking straight ahead, the
  other eye may turn inward (esotropia or
  convergent), outward toward the ear (exotropia or
  divergent), downward (hypotropia) or upward
  (hypertropia).

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What causes Strabismus?

• The exact cause of the eye misalignment that
  leads to strabismus is not known yet. However,
  strabismus is certainly more common in families
  with a history of the disorder. Six eye muscles
  control an eye movement is attached to the
  outside of each eye.To focus both eyes on a
  single target, all eye muscles must work together
  with the corresponding muscles of the opposite
  eye. The brain coordinates these eye muscles.It
  is important to understand that it is generally
  not just one eye that is deviated, but rather,
  the eyes are misaligned in relation to one
  another.In essence, both eyes are usually at
  fault, although one eye may appear to be the
  crooked one.

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What causes Strabismus?
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• Strabismus can be caused by issues regarding the
  eye muscles, with the nerves that control the eye
  muscles or with the brain, where the signals for
  vision are processed.Strabismus can accompany
  some illnesses such as high blood
  pressure, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis,
  or thyroid disorders.

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Signs Symptoms of Strabismus

• Strabismus can mostly be recognized by a casual
  observer. In general, most cases of strabismus
  are first seen by a parent or the childs
  pediatrician before an ophthalmologist.Children
  should be monitored closely during infancy and
  the preschool years to detect potential eye
  problems, particularly if a relative has
  strabismus.Symptoms of strabismus include
• Eyes which looks misaligned
• Eyes which did not appear to move together
• Blinking or squinting of eye, especially in
  bright sunlight

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Signs Symptoms of Strabismus
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• Tilting the head to look at things
• Faulty depth perception
• Double vision

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Treatment of Strabismus

• The treatment goal for strabismus is to preserve
  vision, to straighten the eyes, and to restore
  3-dimensional vision. Treatments differentiate,
  depending on the type and cause of strabismus. If
  your childs strabismus has caused amblyopia,
  treatment will aim at bringing the vision up to
  normal in the lazy eye first.
• Glasses may help straighten the eyes
• A small patch can be worn over the preferred eye
  to force the child to use the weaker or
  suppressed eye
• Eye drops are used to temporarily blur the vision
  of the preferred eye for the same purpose.
  Exercises may be prescribed to strengthen
  specific eye muscles

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Treatment of Strabismus
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• This can be done by forcing a child to use the
  weaker eye and improve sight by reinforcing the
  connection between the eye and the
  brain.Surgery on the eye muscles can be
  necessary, especially when glasses are not enough
  to straighten the eyes. Its important to
  understand that strabismus surgery does not
  resolve amblyopia.However, the most of the
  children with strabismus will eventually require
  strabismus surgery to better align the eyes.In
  some cases, surgery can be avoided by using a
  relatively new technique in which a drug
  botulinum is injected into one or more eye
  muscles to temporarily paralyze the muscle.

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