Onychomycosis: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Onychomycosis
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Onychomycosis

• Onychomycosis is an infection which occurs on
  the nail and sometimes its surrounding tissue.
  This condition is extremely common with 20 of
  the general population and 75 of people over 60
  years old affected.The problem causes frequent
  cosmetic concerns, but various patients also
  experience pain. Most of the times, onychomycosis
  can allow more serious infections to develop.

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What causes onychomycosis?

• Multiple fungi species can infect the nail.
  Fungus grows well in warm, moist environments
  such as showers.Fungus infection is one of the
  limited foot issues that affect more men than
  women, perhaps because more men walk barefoot in
  locker rooms.Age is a factor, too. Half the
  sufferers are people older than 70. Other risk
  factors include having certain medical conditions
  such as diabetes, vascular insufficiency and
  malnutrition.

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How is onychomycosis diagnosed?

• Diagnosis is done depending on a clinical test
  and can be affirmed by viewing scrapings of the
  nail under a microscope, or growing the fungus in
  a culture medium.This is not an easy condition
  to cure, so rather than trying home treatment
  with over-the-counter medications, it's best to
  see your doctor.Onychomycosis is easier to
  treat if you catch them early as with various
  conditions.

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What are the symptoms of onychomycosis?

• Most patients are able to see yellowing and
  thickening of the nail. At times, the area around
  the nail itches.The nail can get brittle with
  jagged edges, deformed or detached from the nail
  bed with respect to time. Cutting your thickening
  nail can become difficult.If the nail gets too
  thick, wearing shoes can also become
  uncomfortable.

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What are treatment options for Onychomycosis?

• The doctor will cut your nail and scale away the
  dead layers. You can also be prescribed a topical
  medication.If the infection is very far
  advanced, topical medication won't be able to
  penetrate the thickened nail.In these cases,
  you can take prescribed oral medication. These
  can be very effective but must be taken for
  several months.Cutting of the nail can reduce
  symptoms rapidly, but regrowth of the nail can
  take one year during which time local treatment
  for fungus can be used.

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What are treatment options for Onychomycosis?

• Terbinafine (Lamisil), itraconazole (Sporanox),
  and griseofulvin (Fulvicin) are some of the oral
  medications which can be taken. The regimens of
  treatment differentiate and can last between six
  weeks and one year.Side effects of systemic
  treatment include gastrointestinal disorders,
  liver toxicity, skin rash and other
  hypersensitivities.These medications should not
  be taken during pregnancy or if there is a chance
  you will become pregnant because of effects on
  the fetus.

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