Project Managemnet

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Project management
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Topics to be discussed
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Meaning of project

• A project is unique, finite, understanding
  with clearly defined objectives, involving
  inter-related tasks or activities and
  contribution of number of people working
  co-operatively under centralized control to
  produce a specified outcome or product with
  clearly defined parameters of time, cost and
  quality

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Characteristics of project

• Objectives
• Life span
• Life cycle
• Team spirit
• Complexity
• Risk and uncertainty
• Customer oriented

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Characteristics of project

• Uniqueness
• Change
• Sub contracting
• Multidisciplinary
• Conflicts

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Project Management

• Project Management refers to the management of
  projects which are temporary, non routine
  undertaken for producing a definite product or
  offering an unique services
• It uses a set of tools, techniques, principles
  methods for planning executing the project work
  effectively with the objective of completing the
  project in time within the budget according to
  the laid down specifications

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Attributes of a good project Manager

• Planning Skills
• Personnel Management Skills
• Communication Skills
• Change orientation
• Ability to solve problems
• High energy levels
• Ambition for achievement
• Ability to take decision

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• Sympathetic attitude towards employees
• Ability to develop alternative actions quickly
• Knowledge of Project Management tools
• Ability to make self evaluations
• Effective time management
• Integration skills
• Initiative risk taking ability
• Familiarity with organization
• Tolerance for difference in opinion

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• Knowledge of Technology
• Conflict resolving skills
• Team building skills
• Resource Allocation skills
• Entrepreneurial skills
• Solving issues/problems immediately

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Project Classification

• Based on type of activity
• Industrial
• Non Industrial
• Based on Location
• National
• International
• Based on Project Time Completion
• Normal
• Crash

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• Based on ownership
• Private Sector
• Public Sector
• Joint Sector
• Based on size
• Small
• Medium
• Large

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• Based on Need
• New Project
• Balancing Project
• Expansion Project
• Modernization Project
• Replacement Project
• Diversification Project
• Backward Integration Project
• Forward Integration Project

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Project life cycle
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Project life cycle
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Conception phase
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Definition phase
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Planning and organising phase
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Operational phase
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Checking and feedback
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Project organization
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THE PMS ROLES
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Facilitator

• Manager-as-supervisor versus manager-as-facilitato
  r
• Systems approach versus analytical approach
• Suboptimization
• Must ensure project team members have appropriate
  knowledge and resources
• Micromanagement

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Communicator

• Figure 2-1 Communication Paths Between a
  Projects Parties-At-Interest

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Virtual Project Manager

• Geographically dispersed projects
• Communication via
• Email
• Web
• Telephone
• Video conferencing
• Never let the boss be surprised!

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THE PMS RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE PROJECT
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Three Overriding Responsibilities

• Acquiring resources
• Getting necessary quantity and quality can be key
  challenge
• Fighting fires and obstacles
• Leadership and making trade-offs

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Negotiation, Conflict Resolution, and Persuasion

• Necessary to meet three overriding
  responsibilities

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SELECTION OF A PROJECT MANAGER
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Key Criteria

• Credibility - The PM is believable
• technical credibility
• administrative credibility
• Sensitivity - Politically smart and aware of
  interpersonal conflict
• Leadership, Style, Ethics - Ability to direct
  project in ethical manner

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FITTING PROJECTS IN THE PARENT ORGANIZATION
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Figure 2-2 The Pure Project Organization
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The Pure Project Organization

• Advantages
• Effective and efficient for large projects
• Resources available as needed
• Broad range of specialists
• short lines of communication
• Drawbacks
• Expensive for small projects
• Specialists may have limited technological depth
• May require high levels of duplication for
  certain specialties

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Figure 2-3 Functional Project Organization
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Functional Project Organization

• Advantages
• technological depth
• Drawbacks
• lines of communication outside functional
  department slow
• technological breadth
• project rarely given high priority

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Figure 2-4 Matrix Project Organization
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Matrix Project Organization

• Advantages
• flexibility in way it can interface with parent
  organization
• strong focus on the project itself
• ability to manage fundamental trade-offs across
  several projects
• Drawbacks
• violation of the unity of command principle
• complexity of managing full set of projects
• conflict

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Figure 2-5 Mixed Project Organization
Copyright ??2005?John Wiley Sons, Inc