Title: PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using VB Application
1PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
2PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Introduction
- The aim of this project is to control  electrical
appliances through a personal computer (PC). For
example, theatre lighting can be centrally
controlled form  PC for a better stage
management. Presently, these are manually managed
which makes it difficult to coordinate the
lighting with  respective scene. With this
system, one can control  electrical appliances
on/off by just being seated at one place using a
PC.
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3PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Block Diagram
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4PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Hardware Requirements
- 8051 series Microcontroller
- Level Shifter IC
- DB Connector
- Relays
- Relay Driver
- Transformer
- Diodes
- capacitors
- Resistors
- LED
- Crystal
- Lamps
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5PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Software Requirements
- Keil compiler
- Language Embedded C or Assembly.
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6PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller
- 8051 is an 8-bit family of microcontroller
developed by Intel in the year 1981. - This is one of the most popular family of
microcontroller being used all across the world.
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7PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller
- This microcontroller was also referred as system
on a chip because it has 128 bytes of RAM,
4Kbytes of ROM, 2 Timers, 1 Serial port, and four
ports on a single chip. - The CPU can work for only 8bits of data at a time
because 8051 is an 8-bit processor.
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8PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller
- In case the data is larger than 8 bits then it
has to be broken into parts so that the CPU can
process conveniently. - Most manufacturers have put 4Kbytes of ROM even
though the quantity of ROM can be exceeded up to
64 K bytes. -
- The 8051 has been in use in a wide number of
devices, mainly because it is easy to integrate
into a project or build a device around.
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9PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Pin Description
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10PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Power on Reset circuit
- The power-on reset (PoR) is an electronic device
incorporated into the integrated circuit - That detects the power applied to the chip and
generates a reset impulse that goes to the entire
circuit placing it into a known state.
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11PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Max232
- The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts
signals from an RS-232serial port to signals
suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic
circuits. - The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and
typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS
signals. - When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level to convert,
it changes a TTL Logic 0 to between 3 and 15V,
and changes TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V,
and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.
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12PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Max232
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13PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB Connector
- A DB connector is a connector that is in the
shape of a horizontal D. - Common DB connectors include DB-9, DB-15, DB-19,
DB-25, DB-37, and DB-50, the number indicates how
many active lines the connector has, but not
always how many pins it has.
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14PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB9 and DB15 Connector
- The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog
9-pin plug of the D-Sub miniature connector
family.
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15PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB9 and DB15 Connector
- Computer serial port Additional information and
help with the DB-9 and DB-15 or the standard PC
serial port can be found on our serial port help
page. - The DB-9 and DB-15 are also found on Network
cards. The DB-9 cable is sometimes used for
Token-Ring adapters, and the DB-15 is used for
the thick net coaxial cables. - Computer network help and support
- The DB-9 port is also found on the NeXT computer
is used to connect laser printers.
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16PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB19 Connector
- The DB-19 is a connector found on the Apple
Macintosh, NeXT, and some Atari computers, and is
used to connect external disk drives.
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17PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB25 Connector
- The DB-25 interface was an older serial
connector. Additional information and help with
serial ports can be found on our serial port help
page. - The DB-25 port is also a SCSI interface.
Additional information and help with SCSI can be
found on our SCSI help page.
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18PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB37 Connector
- Connector found on various network devices used
to connect network hubs and other network devices
and perform other functions. - Companies that utilize this cable include Cisco,
Nortel, SMC, and others. - The DB-37 connector also connects devices such as
sensors, switches, satellite antennas, control
systems, video studio automation, security
control systems, and other equipment. - Computer network and network card help and
support.
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19PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB50 Connector
- SCSI connector that is rarely used or found
today. Additional information and help with SCSI
can be found on our SCSI help page.
DB-50 Male Connector
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20PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay
- A relay is an electrically operated switch.
- Current flowing through the coil of the relay
creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever
and changes the switch contacts. - The coil current can be on or off so relays have
two switch positions and have double throw
(changeover) switch contacts as shown in the
diagram.
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21PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay
- Relays allow one circuit to switch a second
circuit which can be completely separate from the
first. - For example a low voltage battery circuit can use
a relay to switch a 230V AC mains circuit. - There is no electrical connection inside the
relay between the two circuits, the link is
magnetic and mechanical. - To drive relay through MC ULN2003 relay driver IC
is used
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22PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003
- ULN is Relay driver application
- The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high
current Darlington transistor arrays.
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23PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003
- It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that
features high-voltage outputs with common-cathode
clamp diode for switching inductive loads. - The collector-current rating of a single
Darlington pair is 500mA. - The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher
current capability.
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24PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003
- The ULN functions as an inverter.
- If the logic at input 1B is high then
- the output at its corresponding pin 1C
- will be low.
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25PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
- Most common LCDs connected to the
microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays. - This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and
20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively.
- The standard is referred to as HD44780U
- It refers to the controller chip which receives
data from an external source (and communicates
directly with the LCD.
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26PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Working Principle
- The project uses a PC to control the loads.
- The commands are received by the micro controller
through level shifted IC Max232. - When the program is executed, it drives relay
from the microcontroller through relay driver IC
ULN2003. - Loads are switched ON and switched OFF based on
the corresponding command sent from the keyboard
through HyperTerminal. - As per the program, the loads will be turned ON
and OFF through the relays.
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27PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Working Principle
- This system is integrated with the electrical
loads and also connected to the PC where
centralized control takes place. - It uses an RS-232 protocol from the
microcontroller to communicate with the PC. - To turn on/off the appliances, we use Hyper
Terminal on PC. - Once the connection is established with the PC,
then the system starts working. - The microcontroller used in this project belongs
to 8051 family.
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28PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Future Enhancement
- This project can be further enhanced by
implementing a GUI based control panel on the PC
with appropriate embedded software. - The intensity control can also be incorporated
using power electronics devices.
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29PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Conclusion
- PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application project was designed and
implemented. This project can be further enhanced
by implementing a GUI based control panel on the
PC with appropriate embedded software. The
intensity control can also be incorporated using
power electronics devices
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30RF Controlled Robotic Vehicle with Laser Beam
Arrangement
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