EMEP%20Unified%20Model%20I

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Title
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EMEP Unified Model I
Horizontal resolution Regional 50 x 50 km2
(170 x 133 cells, centered over Europe)
Vertical resolution 20 s-layers (up
to 100 hPa), 10 in PBL Off-line meteorology
3-h meteorological input from HIRLAM Boundary
conditions Flexible choice (modelled from Oslo
CTM2, TM3 or climatological Logan data for
O3). Currently climatological BCs are
used. Emissions EMEP emissions estimates for
SOx, NOx,NH3, VOC,CO PM2.5 and PM10 from
TNO-CEPMEIP project
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Schematic structure of EMEP UNIFIED
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Main developments in UNI-OZONE since July 2002

• Dry deposition routines
  1)
  Ecosystem-dependant outputs.
• 2) Introduction of the effect of NH3 in SO2
  surface resistance
• Emission routines
• 1) New description of height of emission by
  sector (specially for power combustion and
  industrial sources).
• 2) New gridded data for PM10 and PM2.5 from
  TNO/CEPMEIP
• Wet deposition routines
• 1) Heterogeneous sulphur chemistry explicitly
  introduced
• Chemistry
• 1) Introduction of oxidant limitation in
  sulphur chemistry
• 2) Introduction of coarse nitrate

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UNI-OZONE the basic conflict

• Model should be Operational as Soon as Possible
• e.g. For IAM tests
• Model should perform as perfectly as possible
• For S N compounds, O3, AOTs, exceedances
• From 1980s to year 2010

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O3 daily maxTimeseries
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O3 daily maxSelection of stations active since
1990 (18)
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1990 Bias-30, r0.73 2000 Bias-18,
r0.50
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NO2 correlation coefficient in city areasCITY
DELTA model intercomparison1999


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Conclusions on EMEP model O3 performance

• The UNIFIED EMEP model performance has studied in
  comparison with EMEP stations for 1990,1995 and
  2000 and in CITY DELTA stations for 1999.
• Correlation coefficients in regional scale are
  high, between 0.6 and 0.8 for daily mean ozone
  and daily max values. The summer mean ozone bias
  is below 10.
• For NO2, correlation coefficients at regional
  scale vary between 0.5 and 0.7 but the model has
  difficulties to reproduce at night time NO2.
• At Mediterranean stations, model performance is
  poorer than in average for the rest of Europe, as
  expected given uncertainties in transport,
  emissions, and boundary conditions for
  Mediterranean regions.
• Frequency distributions show that the model tends
  to underestimate high ozone values the model
  tends to underestimate exceedance days.
• Some changes likely when deposition routines
  settle down - likely more O3 in model.
• Note that the underestimation of high ozone
  values is more pronounced at the end of the 1990s
  ? consistent with the general trend of increase
  of ozone mean values

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New Targets? Recent Developments in Crtitical
Levels/Loads Discussions

• AOTx or Fluxes?
  1) AOTx still
  recommended for crops, forests and seminatural
  vegetation
• 2) Flux approach for wheat and potato possible.
• AOTx?
• 1) AOT40 maintained for crops and seminatural
• 2) AOT40 and AOT30 perform similarly for
  forests- AOT40 kept
• 3) modified AOT30 mAOT30 for
  short-term CL
• 4) CLs 3 ppm.h for crops/seminatural 5
  ppm.h for forests
• Flux CLs, thresholds?
• 1) CL suggested for wheat and potato.
• 2) Threshold of 6 nmole/m2/s for wheat (
  about 20 ppb at full conductance).... over 4
  week period
• 3) Suggestion for alternative flux approach for
  deciduous forest - based upon beech. Threshold
  of 1.6 nmole/m2/s ... over growing season.

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New Targets? Recent Developments in Crtitical
Levels/Loads Discussions

• Change height of AOT40
  AOTx and
  fluxes should both be estimated at the top of the
  canopy.
• Measurements are usually made at 35 m above
  ground level.
• Methods are suggested for converting measured
  data to the appropriate height.
• For crops, this will give lower levels of AOT40
  less exceedance
• For forests, this will give higher levels more
  exceedance.

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Forests new CL 5000 ppb.h
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Landuse Issues

• If EMEP delivers ecosystem-specific deposition
  estimates, should landuse maps be harmonised?
• Current maps
• 1) SEIY map
• 200 categories explicit wheat, barley, etc.
• Basis for current deposition module
• Covers full EMEP model area
• 2) CCE map
• 16 categories based upon CORINE/PELCOM
• link to ecosystems?
• 3) CCE- maps for eutrophication/acidification??
• 4) Other national maps, 'new' maps (satellite,
  JRC, etc.)

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EMEP Model Evaluation

• Decided at TFMM, Valencia, 2003
• Thorough Review of EMEP model
• For presentation at November, 2003 workshop,
  Oslo, and TFMM, April 2004
• Compare with measuments, models
• Process investigations
• Identified projects
• Sweden (IVL) ecosystem deposition
• Netherlands (TNO) model intercomparison
• Others ... during May 2003

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Contributions

• Consider choice of parameterisations, chemistry,
  inputs, etc.
• Quantify state-of-the-art
• Identify key field measurements
• Examine source-receptor relationships compared to
  national studies.
• EMEP MSC-W to prepare full documentation
• See www.emep.int

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Immediate future

• Deliver!
• Model is ready to run
• Test runs to IIASA / IER (MERLIN)
• 4-6 countries
• Different emission levels
• Investigate linearity