General%20Procedural%20Model%20for%20Problem%20Solving

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General Procedural Model for Problem Solving

• John A. Cagle
• adapted from Adams Galanes

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Stages in Preparing a Speech
Decision to Speak
Organize
Create thesis arguments
Language
Evaluate information
Purpose Subject
Practice
Personal
Interviews
Deliver Speech
Books
Information Needs
Periodicals
Internet
Evaluate Results
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Stages in Group Problem Solving
Decide onbest solution
Evaluate possiblesolutions
Exigency Decision to act
Generate possiblesolutions
Developimplementationplan
Nature of problem fact finding
Evaluate information
Plan deliverreport
Personal Interviews Books Periodicals Internet
Information needs
Evaluate Results
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PMOPS General Procedural Model for Problem
Solving

• What is the nature of the problem facing us?
• What might be done to solve the problem?
• What are the relative merits and demerits of the
  possible solutions?
• What is the best decision we can all support?
• How will we put our solution into effect?
• How can we prepare an effective written and oral
  report?

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Action Items

• Owner Due Date Description
• Matin 2/14/10 how many people killed in Fresno
  County by drunk drivers a year
• Banu 2/14/10 how many arrests made each year of
  drunk drivers
• Joua 2/14/10 what of drunk drivers get arrested
• Danny 2/16/10 what are current ways of solving
  problem

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I. What is the nature of the problem facing us?

• A. Focus on the problem before thinking about
  how to solve it.
• B. Begin with a single, unambiguous problem
  question.
• 1. Problem questions focus on the problem (the
  undesirable state) and imply that many solutions
  are possible
• 2. Solution questions focus on what to do,
  suggesting a solution in the question itself

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I. What is the nature of the problem facing us?

• C. Fact Finding Map the problem carefully
  who, what, why, when, where, how, how long, how
  serious
• D. Be sure the group members agree on criteria
  alternatively Phase III task
• 1. Absolute criteria must be met
• 2. Important criteria should be met

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I. What is the nature of the problem facing us?

• E. Be sure the group understands its
  interdependence, authority, autonomy resources,
  and relationship to other groups.

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II. What might be done to solve the problem?

• A. Defer judgment when seeking solutions.
• B. Return to fact finding when new questions
  arise.

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III. What are the relative merits and demerits
of the possible solutions?

• A. Analyze and evaluate the potential solutions
  against the criteria
• B. Promote norms stressing critical examination
  of all issues.

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IV. What is the best solution we can all support?

• A. Which solution seems most likely to be
  accepted and supported by all persons affected by
  it?
• B. Is there a compromise solution we can all
  accept as being likely to solve our problem?
• C. Can we combine these ideas, or parts of them,
  into a solution?

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V. How will we put our solution into effect?

• A. Who will do what, when, and in what way?
• B. What resources are needed?
• C. Develop an implementation plan as complete as
  possible

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VI. Reports

• A. Write a persuasive written report to the
  appropriate parent body.
• B. Plan an effective and persuasive oral
  presentation of the report.

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