Hazardous Air Pollutants

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Hazardous Air Pollutants
Regional Atmospheric Modeling
of

• IAGLR
• Sherri A. Mason
• SUNY- Fredonia

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Background
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Why Model?

• Field measurements provide information about a
  particular (point) location at a particular
  moment in time
• Models provide the causal link
• Emissions with Atmospheric Processes that lead to
  Instantaneous Measurements

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Atmospheric Processes

• Advection
• Diffusion
• Photochemical Reactions
• Gas-phase Heterogeneous
• Aerosol Formation
• Coagulation Condensation G/P partitioning
• Aerosol Chemistry
• Cloud Formation
• Deposition
• Wet Dry

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Current State of Atmospheric Models

• Regional models do fairly well with species such
  as CO, O3, and NOx
• Criteria Air Pollutants (CAPs)
• Gas-phase species
• Not so good at modeling Aerosols
• Liquid or solid particles which remain suspended
  in air
• a.k.a. Particulate Matter (PM)

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Atmospheric Processes

• Advection
• Diffusion
• Photochemical Reactions
• Gas-phase Heterogeneous
• Aerosol Formation
• Coagulation Condensation G/P partitioning
• Aerosol Chemistry
• Cloud Formation
• Deposition
• Wet Dry

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Atmospheric Processes

• Advection
• Diffusion
• Photochemical Reactions
• Gas-phase Heterogeneous
• Aerosol Formation
• Coagulation Condensation G/P partitioning
• Aerosol Chemistry
• Cloud Formation
• Deposition
• Wet Dry

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Atmospheric Processes

• Advection
• Diffusion
• Photochemical Reactions
• Gas-phase Heterogeneous
• Aerosol Formation
• Coagulation Condensation G/P partitioning
• Aerosol Chemistry
• Cloud Formation
• Deposition
• Wet Dry

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Gas/Particle Partitioning

• Ideally, condensation requires
• ci gt ci,sat (at given T)
• Sorption processes, however, can act to
  significantly lower this threshold
• Lower the vapor pressure, the higher the
  gas/particle partitioning coefficient
• Known to be an important atmospheric process for
  many HAP-species

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Hazardous Air Pollutants

• EPA grouping of 188 pollutants, such as
• Benzene PAHs Mercury
• Ubiquitous Contaminates
• Long-Range Transport
• Health Issues
• Carcinogenic Mutagenic
• Cycling
• After initial deposition, many HAPs are
  re-released back into the atmosphere

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Current Project
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Project Goals

• Inclusion of HAP species
• We are focused on 20

• Acetaldehyde Methanol
• Acrolein Methyl t-Butyl Ether
• Anthracene Napthalene
• Benzene Phenanthrene
• Benzo (G,H,I) Perylene Phenol
• Chlorobenzene Propionaldehyde
• Ethylbenzene Styrene
• Formaldehyde Toluene
• Methyl Ethyl Ketone Xylenes
• Mercury

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Project Goals

• Inclusion of HAP species
• We are focused on 20

• Improve Aerosol Modeling
• Multi-phase G/P Partitioning Pankow 2004
• Evaluate Regional Model
• Using all available observational data sets

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Modeling Framework
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Project Specs

• Modeling Domain
• Eastern US

• Modeling Period
• Summer 2002
• Future Year

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Current Status
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Inclusion of HAP species
Emissions Modeling
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Emissions Modeling
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Emissions Modeling

• SMOKE processing of CAPs
• Run and Compare to DEC
• HAPs
• Finish GLC Point Source emission file
• SMOKE processing of CAPsHAPs
• Integrate HAP SMOKE input files with CAP SMOKE
  input files
• Run
• QA/QC

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Improve Aerosol Modeling

• We have already modified the aerosol module of
  CMAQ to account for the multi-phase G/P
  partitioning
• Need to
• Finish installing CMAQ on Reg
• Test module modification

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Evaluate Regional Model

• We have compiled a significant portion of data
  from on-going measurement campaigns
• IMPROVE, NADP/MDN, IADN
• Field data of Holsen, Hopke and Milligan
• Data will be used to evaluate CMAQ results for
  the Summer 2002

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Support

• SUNY- Fredonia
• Nicholas Presutti, David Bronke

• NYS DEC
• Gopal Sistla, Kevin Civerolo, Christian Hogrefe,
  Michael Ku, Winston Hao
• GLC
• Jon Dettling

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Emissions Modeling

• Emissions are reported on an
• annual basis by county as individual or group

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Emissions Modeling

• Emissions are reported on an
• annual basis by county as individual or group

Yearly ? Hourly
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Emissions Modeling

• Emissions are reported on an
• annual basis by county as individual or group

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Emissions Modeling

• Emissions are reported on an
• annual basis by county as individual or group

Model Species