3' INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ORGANIZATIONS,

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ORGANIZATION
TECHNICAL DEFINITION
2
ORGANIZATION
BEHAVIORAL DEFINITION
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ORGANIZATIONS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ORGANIZATIONS
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MICROECONOMIC DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATION
ORGANIZATION
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HOW INFO SYSTEMS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS

• MICROECONOMIC THEORY
• TRANSACTION COST THEORY

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HOW INFO SYSTEMS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS

• AGENCY THEORY

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BEHAVIORAL VIEW OF ORGANIZATIONS

• STRUCTURE
• PROCESS \

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
ENVIRONMENTAL OUTPUTS
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HOW INFO SYSTEMS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS

• DECISION CONTROL THEORY
• SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY

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HOW INFO SYSTEMS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS

• POSTINDUSTRIAL THEORY
• CULTURAL THEORY

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HOW INFO SYSTEMS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS

• POLITICAL THEORY

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SALIENT FEATURES OF ORGANIZATIONS

• COMMON FEATURES
• UNIQUE FEATURES

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ORGANIZATION ITS ENVIRONMENT
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

• ENTREPRENEURIAL
• MACHINE BUREAUCRACY
• DIVISIONALIZED BUREAUCRACY
• PROFESSIONAL BUREAUCRACY
• ADHOCRACY

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CHANGING CONCEPTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
TIME PERIOD
CONCEPTION OF INFORMATION
INFORMATION SYSTEM
PURPOSE
1950-1960
BUREAUCRATIC REQUIREMENT
ELECTRONIC
SPEED ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTING MACHINE
PAPER PROCESSING
1960s-1970s
GENERAL PURPOSE SUPPORT
MIS
SPEED GENERAL
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1970s-1980s
CUSTOMIZED MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
DSS - ESS
IMPROVE, CUSTOMIZE
DECISION MAKING
1985-2000
STRATEGIC RESOURCE
STRATEGIC SYSTEM
PROMOTE SURVIVAL AND
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
PROSPERITY OF ORGANIZATION
BUSINESS FOUNDATION
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT

• PROGRAMMERS
• SYSTEMS ANALYSTS
• IS MANAGERS
• END USERS

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IMPLEMENTING CHANGE
Source Leavitt, Handbook of Organization (1965)
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HOW WEB AFFECTS ORGANIZATIONS
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ENTERPRISE SYSTEM
Vendors
Customers
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ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS

• CONTRAST WITH TRADITIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
• DIFFICULT TO BUILD
• INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS /EXTENDED ENTERPRISES

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MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
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ROLE OF MANAGERS

• CLASSICAL
• BEHAVIORAL

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MANAGERIAL ROLES (Mintzberg)
Interpersonal Informational Decisional
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STAGES OF DECISION MAKING

• INTELLIGENCE
• DESIGN
• CHOICE
• IMPLEMENTATION

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INDIVIDUAL MODELS OF DECISION MAKING

• RATIONAL
• SYSTEMATIC
• INTUITIVE

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ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS OF DECISION MAKING

• BUREAUCRATIC
• POLITICAL
• GARBAGE CAN

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IMPLICATIONS FOR DESIGN UNDERSTANDING INFO
SYSTEMS
ENVIRONMENT STRUCTURE CULTURE POLITICS
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INFO SYSTEMS, LEVELS, DECISIONS
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Case Study

• Citigroup