Verbs, Verbs, Verbs

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Verbs, Verbs, Verbs
Were not types of verbs, but were related to
them!

• Action Verbs
• Linking Verbs

(also auxiliary, transitive, intransitive)
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Two, 2, dos, deux, zwei, ni, ,

• There are ONLY two kinds of verbs on the planet.
  They are

• action
• linking

(tutu) ?
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• All real verbs are either action or linking.
  There are other verby things (auxiliary/helping
  verbs, verbals), but they are not true verbs.
  We will discuss these later.

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Action Verbs
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Action Verbs

• express either mental or physical activity
• The dogs barked all day.
• He thought about the day.

physical action
mental action
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Action Verbs

• may be transitive or intransitive
• (more on this later just note it for now)

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Linking Verbs
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Linking Verbs

• express a state of being
• connect (or link) the subject to a word or word
  group that identifies or describes the subject
• My teacher is cranky.

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Linking Verbs

• never have objects
• ALWAYS intransitive
• (more on this later just note it for now)

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Action or Linking Verb?
action

• We celebrated the Chinese New Year yesterday.
• The holiday is usually in February.

• We celebrated the Chinese New Year yesterday.
• The holiday is usually in February.

linking
1 Identify the verb.
2 Action or state of being?
3 Actionaction verb state of being linking
verb
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Action or Linking Verb?
linking

• John looked tired.
• John looked through the binoculars.

• John looked tired.
• John looked through the binoculars.

action
1 Identify the verb.
2 Action or state of being?
3 Actionaction verb state of being linking
verb
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Action or Linking Verb?
action

• Remain in your seats until the end of class.
• Remain calm.

• Remain in your seats until the end of class.
• Remain calm.

linking
1 Identify the verb.
2 Action or state of being?
3 Actionaction verb state of being linking
verb
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Handy Tip for Linking Verbs

• Linking verbs are like the equal signs of
  language. ()
• Any verb that can be replaced with is, am, are,
  be, become, or becomes to create a sentence with
  nearly the same meaning is a linking verb.

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Action or Linking Verb? Your Turn!

• Any verb that can be replaced with is, am, are,
  be, become, or becomes to create a sentence with
  nearly the same meaning is a linking verb.
• The sky looks blue.
• I walked home.
• Our teacher seemed crazy.

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Auxiliary/Helping Verbs

• auxiliary just means helping

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Auxiliary/Helping Verbs
(sing to the tune of Jingle Bells for a handy
mnemonic)

• be
• am
• is
• are
• was
• were

• been
• being
• has
• have
• had

• do
• did
• does
• can
• could
• shall

• will
• would
• should
• may
• might
• must

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Auxiliary/Helping Verbs

• help the main verb express action or a state of
  being
• can speak
• may be
• has been named
• should have been caught

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Auxiliary Verbs Verb Phrase

• A verb phrase has one main verb and one or more
  auxiliary verbs
• Many people in Africa can speak more than one
  language.
• The packages may be at 401 Maple Street.

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Verb Phrase Math

• auxiliary verb(s) main verb verb phrase
• There may be more than one auxiliary verb in a
  verb phrase. There is only one main verb in a
  verb phrase. It is always the LAST WORD in the
  verb phrase. The main verb is either action
  (speak, named, caught) or linking (be).

• can speak
• may be

• has been named
• should have been caught

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Auxiliary Verb or Main Verb?
The highlighted words can function as main verbs
or auxiliary verbs. Can you tell which job each
is doing?
main verb

• I am a teacher.
• I am writing a letter.
• We are hungry.
• The girls are playing ball.

auxiliary verb
main verb
auxiliary verb
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Handy Tip for Verb Phrases

• Sometimes a verb phrase is interrupted by another
  part of speech, like an adverb. In a question,
  the subject often interrupts the verb phrase.
• Our school has always held a victory celebration
  when our team wins.
• Did you hear Jamie Foxxs speech?

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Transitive and Intransitive
Transitive and Intransitive

• Its all about transfer of action to an object.

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Handy Tip

• Since transitive/intransitive verbs deal with
  whether or not action passes from the subject to
  an object, always start with labeling the subject
  and verb in the sentence.

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Transitive Verbs

• express an action directed toward a person, a
  place, a thing, or an idea (a.k.a., nouns)
• The action passes from the doer (the subject) to
  the receiver of the action.
• The words that receive the action of transitive
  verbs ? direct objects ? always nouns
• Transitive verbs can only be action verbs.
  Linking verbs are NEVER transitive.

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Transitive Verbs Examples
av
S

• Derrick greeted the visitors.
• Derrick greeted whom? The action (greeted) passes
  from the subject (Derrick) to the object
  (visitors).
• When will Felicia paint her room?
• Felicia will paint what? The action (will paint)
  passes from the subject (Felicia) to the object
  (room).

av
aux. v
S
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Intransitive Verbs

• express action or tell something about the
  subject without the action passing to a receiver,
  or object
• Intransitive verbs may be either action or
  linking verbs.

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Intransitive Verbs Examples
S
av

• The train stopped.
• The train stopped what? There is nothing in the
  sentence to say what the train stopped (i.e.,
  there is no object). There is no transfer of
  action.
• Last night we ate on the patio.
• We ate what? There is nothing in the sentence to
  say what we ate (i.e., there is no object). We
  did not eat some on the patio. This is a
  prepositional phrase telling where we ate, not
  what. There is no transfer of action.

S
av
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Transitive or Intransitive? Your Turn!
1) Label subject verb. 2) Is the verb action or
linking? If linking, it cannot be transitive. If
action, go on to step 3. 3) Say, Subject, verb
WHAT? If there is a noun that receives the
action, it is transitive.

• The children play checkers.
• The children play quietly.
• Mr. Lopez is baking bread.
• Mr. Lopez is baking this afternoon.
• Have Roland and Tracy left their coats?
• Have Roland and Tracy left yet?

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Transitive or Intransitive? Your Turn!
S
av

• The children play checkers.
• The children play WHAT? Checkers is a noun
  telling what they play, so play is transitive.
• The children play quietly.
• The children play WHAT? Quietly is not a noun
  and it is not what they play (it is how they
  play), so play is intransitive.

S
av
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Transitive or Intransitive? Your Turn!
S
av

• Mr. Lopez is baking bread.
• Mr. Lopez is baking WHAT? Bread is a noun and
  it tells what he is baking, so is baking is
  transitive.
• Mr. Lopez is baking this afternoon.
• Mr. Lopez is baking WHAT? This afternoon is not
  what Mr. Lopez is baking (it tells when), so is
  baking is intransitive.

S
av
aux. v
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Transitive or Intransitive? Your Turn!
S
av
aux. v
S

• Have Roland and Tracy left their coats?
• Roland and Tracy have left WHAT? Coats is a
  noun and it tells what they left, so have left
  is transitive.
• Have Roland and Tracy left yet?
• Roland and Tracy have left WHAT? Yet is not
  what they left (it tells when), so have left is
  intransitive.

S
av
S
aux. v
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Transitive or Intransitive? Your Turn!

• Label the subjects and verbs in these sentences.
  Tell whether the verbs are transitive or
  intransitive.
• Melanie ate a baked potato.
• Hector and Tom are reading.
• They painted the house.
• Did you carry his suitcase?
• My plant grows quickly.