Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

1
Chapter 2The Internet and World Wide Web
2
The Internet

• What are some services found on the Internet?

Fig. 2-1
3
The Internet - Origins

• 4 hosts . Millions of hosts

p. 50
4
The Internet

• Who controls the Internet?
• No one it is a public, cooperative,
  andindependent network
• Several organizations set standards

p. 51
5
How the Internet Works

• How can you connect to the Internet?

• High-speed connection

• Slow-speed technology

• Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a
  standard telephone line to connect to the
  Internet

Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone
Internet services (CATV), cable modem,fixed
wireless, and satellite modems
Connection is always onwhenever the computer
is running
Connection must be established each time you log
on. Slow but inexpensive
p. 51
6
How the Internet Works

• What are ways to access the Internet?
• ISP, regional or national
• OSP (AOL and MSN, for example)
• Wireless Internet Service Provider

p. 52
7
How Data Travels over the Internet
8
IP Addresses and Domain Names

• Domain name text version of Internet protocol
  (IP) address
• IP Address uniquely identifies each computer or
  device connected to Internet

Figs. 2-3
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Top-Level Domain Names
Figs. 2-4
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The World Wide Web
p. 54
11
The World Wide Web Web Browsers

• Firefox
• Internet Explorer
• (Netscape)

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The World Wide Web

• Home page?
• The first page that a Web site displays
• Second interpretation
• Downloading?
• The process of a computer receiving information
• Depending upon connection speed, downloading can
  take from a few seconds to several minutes

p. 55
13
The World Wide Web - URL

• Unique address for a Web page

Fig. 2-6
14
The World Wide Web - Hyperlinks

• A link can be text or an image
• Text links are usually underlinedand in a
  differentcolor

Fig. 2-7
15
The World Wide Web Search Engines

• Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by
  entering words or phrases called search text
• ? Hits

Fig. 2-8
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The World Wide Web Subject Directory

• Search tool with organized set of topics and
  subtopics

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The World Wide Web Types of Web Sites

• Portal
• News
• Informational
• Business/Marketing
• Educational
• Entertainment

• Advocacy
• Blog
• Wiki
• Online Social Networks
• Content Aggregator
• Personal

p. 61
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The World Wide Web

• Guidelines for evaluating the value of a Web site?

Fig. 2-12
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The World Wide Web - Multimedia

• Text with other media elements
• Graphics
• Gif/jpeg
• thumbnails
• Animation
• Audio
• Video
• Virtual reality

p. 64 Fig. 2-13
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The World Wide Web - Audio

• Music, speech, or any other sound
• Common Web audio file formats are AA, AAC, AIFF,
  ASF, MP3, WAV, WMA, RA, and QT
• Once downloaded, you can play (listen to) the
  contents of the files

p. 64 - 65 Fig. 2-14
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The World Wide Web - Streaming Audio

• Transfers data in a continuous and even flow
• Enables you to listen to the sound as it
  downloads to your computer
• Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast
  over the Web

p. 64
22
The World Wide Web - Video

• Consists of full-motion images with soundplayed
  back at various speeds
• MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular
  video compressionstandard

p. 65
23
The World Wide Web Virtual Reality

• Use of computers to simulate real or imagined
  environment
• Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space
• Used for games and many practical applications

p. 65
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The World Wide Web Plug-ins

• Programs that extend the capability of a
  browser
• You can download many plug-ins at nocost from
  variousWeb sites

p. 66 Fig. 2-15
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Web Publishing

• Development and maintenance of Web pages

Fig. 2-16
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E-Commerce
Business to consumer (B2C)Sale of goods to
general public
Consumer to consumer (C2C)One consumer sells
directly to another
Business to business (B2B)Business providing
goods andservices to other businesses
p. 67 Fig.
27
Other Internet Services E-mail

• E-mail address
• Unique name that consists of a user name and
  domain name that identifies the user
• E-mail programs
• Microsoft Outlook

Fig. 2-19
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Other Internet Services E-mail Transmission
Fig. 2-20
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Other Internet Services Instant Messaging

• MSN Messenger, etc.

Fig. 2-21
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Other Internet Services - Chat

• Real-time typed conversation that takes place on
  a computer
• Chat room is location on server that permits
  users to discuss topics of interest

Fig. 2-22
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Other Internet Services Internet Telephony

• Enables users to speak to other users over the
  Internet using their computer
• Voice-over-IP (VoIP)

Fig. 2-23
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Other Internet Services - FTP

• File Transfer Protocol
• Internet standard that permits you to upload and
  download files with other computers on the
  Internet

p. 72
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Other Internet Services Newsgroups Forums

• Newsgroup
• Online area where users discuss a particular
  subject
• Need News Reader
• Message board (Forum)
• Type of discussion group

p. 71 Fig. 2-21
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Other Internet Services Mailing List

• Group of e-mail addresses given a single name
• When a message is sent to the mailing list,
  everyone on the list receives the message
• To add your name to a mailing list you must
  subscribe to it to remove your name you must
  unsubscribe

p. 73
35
Netiquette

• Code of acceptable behaviors users should follow
  while on the Internet

Golden Rule Treat others as you would like them
to treat you.
p. 73