Daniel Bernoulli

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Daniel Bernoulli

• Brought to you by
• Liza Broms
• Katie Cunningham
• Alesia Kaufmann

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To gain an understanding

• Straw-Ball Activity
• Materials
• One flexible straw
• One ping-pong ball
• Your lungs
• Procedures
• Bend short side of the straw pointing up
• Place ping-pong ball over straw
• Blow air through straw and let go of ping-pong
  ball
• Try This!!!
• Move the position of the strawsee what happens!

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Straw-Ball Activity

• What Happened?
• Can you explain why this happened?
• What scientist can explain this?

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Thats a Bernoulli!

• Remember this activity for laterthink about why!

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The Life of Daniel Bernoulli

• Born February 8, 1700 in Groningen, Netherlands
  into a family of Mathematicians
• At 5 years old moved with family to native land
  Basel, Switzerland
• At 13 attended Basel University studying
  philosophy and logic
• Continued his education through 1720 receiving a
  master and doctorate degree

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Bernoulli Family Tree
Jacob I 1654-1705
Johann I 1667-1748
Nicolaus II 1695-1726
Daniel 1700-1782
Johann II 1710-1790
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Bernoulli Family History

• Daniels father attempted to map out his life to
  be a merchant/businessman
• Daniel was then forced to study medicine to be a
  doctorbecause there is no money in mathematics
• While continuing his education Daniel still
  studied mathematics

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If at first you dont succeed

• Danny B. failed multiple times
• He applied for academic post at different
  universities did not receive a post until 1725
• He only decided to take the post after his older
  brother, Nicolaus(II) offered to accompany him in
  St. Petersburg

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In St. Petersburg

• Nicolaus(II) died of a horrible disease leaving
  Daniel very sad and unhappy
• Daniel's father sent a student to help him in his
  research

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Are we having fun yet?
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Danny Bs A List

• Accomplishments
• Designed an hour glass
• Used at sea to accurately keep time when rolling
  in heavy seas
• Constant trickle of sand
• Vibrating systems
• He showed that the movement of strings of
  musical instruments are composed of an infinite
  number of harmonic vibrations all superimposed on
  the string (OConnor and Robertson).

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Connecting to our Scientist

• Fool the Spool
• Materials
• Thread Spool
• Thumb tack
• Index card
• Procedures
• Find center of card and place thumb tack through
  it
• Hold card under thread spool so thumb tack is in
  hole
• Lift card and spool, blow hard down the spool
• Remove hand

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Fool the Spool

• Could you blow the card off the spool?
• Why or why not?
• Would the size of the card matter?

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Thats a Bernoulli

• Remember this activity for later!

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Daniels most important discovery

• The Fluid Equation
• His principle states the pressure in a fluid
  decrease as the speed of the fluid increases

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The Fluid Equation Understood

• Can either be liquid or gas
• Its all about pressure
• As speed increases pressure decrease

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The Plane Example

• A wing of an airplane creates an area of faster
  moving air above its surface
• The pressure of this area is lower so the wing is
  sucked upwards
• The lift is greater when there is a large wing
  area and when the plane is traveling fast

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The Ski Jumper Example

• Air pressure drops as air moves faster
• If the jumper stays in position it forces the air
  above him to speed up, the slower air beneath him
  will have more pressure
• The air will press up giving the jumper more lift

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Thats a Bernoulli!
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More about Danny B.

• It took him three years to finish his ideas on
  the fluid equation
• He was jointly awarded the Paris Academy prize
  with his father which caused a great family feud
• Danny was banned from his fathers house because
  of this award

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Bernoullis Publishing

• He wrote a book on hydrodynamics
• Studying the flow of water from a hole in a
  container
• This book caused more problems between him and
  his father
• He noted on the inside cover that he was the son
  of Johann Bernoulli the Mathematician in hope to
  appear humble and mend the feud
• It didnt work

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Welcome to the Bernoulli Files
Bernoulli Files
Confidential

• Warning These events are real life situations
  and should be taken SERIOUSLY!

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Bernoullis to Consider

• The situations
• A car and a truck are driving on the highway. As
  the car passes the truck what happens? Bernoulli
  can explain it. Can you?
• Two ships are passing in the night. The current
  from the ships build pressure. Bernoulli can
  prevent the ships from crashing. Can you?

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Dangers of the Bernoulli

• The car, truck and ships in the examples have a
  risk of colliding because the air or water
  between the objects travel faster than the air or
  water traveling on the outside.
• If the objects do not compensate for this then

KABOOM!
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More Bernoullis to Consider

• The situations
• Mark Prior is on the mound pitching to Albert
  Pujols. He is winding up to throw the curve ball.
  How does Priors amazing curve ball relate to
  Bernoulli? (p.s. Pujols wiffs)

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Bernoullis to Consider

• The Situation
• When you get into the shower and turn the water,
  the freezing cold shower curtain clings to your
  leg.
• Why does this happen?

Ahh!!
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Bernoullis Explained

• With Mark Priors pitch, a thin layer of air is
  dragged around the spinning ball by friction.
  This is enhanced by the baseballs thread.
• When in the shower, air near the water stream
  flows into the lower pressure stream and is swept
  downward. Air pressure inside the curtain is
  reduced and the curtain is pushed inward.

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10 Grand Prizes of the Paris Academy

• Astronomy and nautical topics,
• Creating the hourglass, 1725
• Application of ideas to astronomy, 1734
• Design of the anchor, 1737
• Newtons theory of the tides, 1740
• Essay on Magnetism, 1743 and 1746
• Method to determine time at sea, 1747
• Essay on ocean currents, 1751
• Effects of forces on ships, 1753
• Proposals to reduce the pitching and tossing of a
  ship in high seas, 1757

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More Bernoullis

• Make the Paper Dance
• Materials
• Paper
• Lungs
• Procedure
• Hold paper between thumb and forefingers
• Blow Over

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Make the Paper Dance

• What Happened?
• Explain how Bernoullis Fluid Principle can
  explain the motion of the paper.
• Does the paper size matter?

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Even MORE Bernoullis

• Boggling Balloons
• Materials
• Two balloons
• String
• Water
• Lungs
• Procedure
• Blow up two balloons and tie up with string
• HINT Squirt a little water into the balloons to
  help steady them
• Hold balloons from the strings a few inches apart
• Blow air between the two balloons

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Boggling Balloons

• What happened?
• How did Bernoullis principle impact the balloons
  moving together.
• Try blowing the balloons from a different
  directionwhat happens then?

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Connections

• Try using Bernoullis principle when sticking
  your hand out the window in a moving car.
  Slightly tilt your hand and see if the pressure
  from the air lifts your hand upward.

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THANKS BERNOULLI!
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Sites to Visit for Information on The Man!

• http//www.kidsoutandabout.com
• http//www.faa.gov/education/resource/forcefl.htm
  
• http//www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathemati
  cians/Bernoulli_Daniel.html
• http//www.kidsseek.com
• http//magma.nationalgeographic.com