Chapter 10: Photography

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . BY NICOLE ANDUJAR

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . CAMERA OBSCURA
• LATIN FOR DARK ROOM
• . FIRST REFERENCE MADE BY ARISTOTLE IN THE 4th
  CENTURY B.C.

19th Century Box Camera Obscura
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . PHOTOGRAPHY COMBINED TWO PROCESSES
• 1. OPTICAL
• 2. CHEMICAL

Projection of an image on a wall
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . IN 1827, THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGE WAS
  PRODUCED BY JOSEPH NIEPCE
• . IT TOOK ABOUT 8 HOURS TO CAPTURE THE IMAGE

Joseph Niepce
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . NIEPCE BEGAN EXPERIMENTING WITH COATED PEWTER
  SHEETS AND BITUMEN OF JUDEA
• . SUCCEEDED MAKING HELIOGRAVURE AND PHOTOGRAVURE

1st Image Ever - Niepces courtyard
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . IN 1929, NIEPCE TEAMED WITH LOUIS JAQUES
  DAGUERRE
• . NIEPCE DIED 4 YEARS LATER BUT DAGUERRE
  CONTINUED WITH HIS EXPERIMENTS
• . DAGUERRE DISCOVERED A WAY OF DEVELOPING
  PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES
• . REDUCED EXPOSURE TIME CONSIDERABLY

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . DEVELOPED THE DAGUERREOTYPE
• . IN 1839, THE PROCESS WAS MADE PUBLIC BY THE
  FRENCH GOVERNMENT

The 1st Daguerreotype
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . DAGUERREOTYPES CAUGHT ON IN EUROPE AND AMERICA
• . THEY WERE EXPENSIVE AND A ONE TIME SHOT

Daguerreotype of a Barn
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . WILLIAM TALBOT WAS CONDUCTING SIMILAR RESEARCH
  IN ENGLAND
• . PIONEERED THE BASIS FOR PHOTOGRAPHY

1st Photographic Negative by W. Talbot
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . TALBOT EXPERIMENTED WITH PAPER TREATED WITH
  SILVER COMPUNDS
• . CALLED THE IMAGES PHOTOGENIC DRAWINGS

Leaf sandwiched between photographic paper and a
sheet of glass
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Chapter 10 Photography
Talbots mansion, Lacock Abbey

• . TALBOT BEGAN USING TREATED PAPER IN THE CAMERA
  OBSCURA TO CREATE IMAGES THAT HAD LIGHT AREAS AS
  DARK AND DARK AREAS APPEARING LIGHT

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . SIR JOHN HERSCHEL WAS THE FIRST TO MAKE AN
  IMAGE PERMANENT ON THE PAPER
• . NAMED TALBOTS PROCESSES

Sir John Herschel
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . ALSO, HERSCHEL GAVE TALBOTS INVENTION ITS
  NAME PHOTOGRAPHY
• . COMES FROM THE LATIN PHOTOS GRAPHOS MEANING
  LIGHT DRAWING
• . TALBOT DEVELOPED A NEW PROCESS THE CALOTYPE

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . THE CLARITY OF THE DAGUERREOTYPE WAS SUPERIOR
  TO THE CALOTYPE BUT IT HAD ITS ADVANTAGES
• . TALBOTS INVENTION RADICALLY CHANGED THE COURSE
  OF BOTH PHOTOGRAPHY AND GRAPHIC DESIGN

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . ENGLISH SCULPTOR FREDRICK ARCHER INVENTED THE
  WET PLATE PROCESS USING COLLODION
• . THE PROCESS WAS MUCH FASTER AND IT ALMOST
  COMPLETELY REPLACED DAGUERREOTYPE AND CALOTYPE BY
  1854

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . FROM THE COLLODION PROCESS CAME THE ABROTYPE
  AND THE TINTYPE
• . AMBROTYPE WAS VERY DELICATE

Ambrotype, 1855
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . THE TINTYPE WAS MORE DURABLE
• . BOTH WERE PRODUCED BY THE TENS OF THOUSANDS

Tintype, 1858
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . DR. RICHARD MADDOX LED THE WAY TO THE
  DEVELOPMENT OF THE DRY PLATE USING GELATIN
• . AMERICAN DRY PLATE MANUFACTURER GEORGE EASTMAN
  INVENTED THE KODAK CAMERA MAKING IT AVAILABLE TO
  EVERYONE

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . JOHN CALVIN MOSS LED THE WAY FOR A LESS
  EXPENSIVE PHOTOENGRAVING METHOD
• . AT THE SAME TIME, FRENCHMAN F. GUILLOT
  DEVELOPED THE GUILLOTAGE
• . STEPHEN H. HORGAN INVENTED THE FIRST HALFTONE
  SCREEN
• . FREDRICK IVES DEVELOPED AN EARLY HALFTONE
  PROCESS

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Chapter 10 Photography

• . PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN BY JULIA MARGARET CAMERON
• . ENGLISH WOMAN OF INDIAN DESCENT PHOTOGRAPHED
  FRIENDS AND FAMILY

Sadness by Julia M Cameron
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . HER PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWED HUMAN EMOTION AND WERE
  INFLUENCED BY POETRY AND LITERATURE

Camerons Daughter in Law
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . ANOTHER MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO PHOTOPRAPHY WAS
  FELIX NADAR
• . TOOK THE FIRST AERIAL IMAGES

Felix Nadar
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . NADAR ALSO PIONEERED THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL
  LIGHT AND TOOK PICTURES OF THE SEWERS AND CRYPTS
  OF PARIS

Aerial Photograph by Nadar
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . FAMOUS FOR HIS CIVIL WAR PICTURES WAS
  PHOTOGRAPHER MATHEW BRADY
• . HIS DOCUMENTATION HAD AN IMPACT ON THE NATIONS
  VIEW OF WAR

Ulysses S. Grant by M. Brady
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Chapter 10 Photography
Mathew Brady and Family
Abraham Lincoln
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . EADWEARD MUYBRIDGE MADE THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL
  SERIAL MOTION PHOTOGRAPHS
• . HIS STUDIES HELPED THE INNOVATION OF MOVING
  IMAGES

Serial Motion Photography
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . MUYBRIDGES SEQUENCE PHOTOGRAPHY SHOWS A
  HORSES MOVEMENT IN TIME AND SPACE

Sequence Photography
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Chapter 10 Photography

• . THE END