The Italian Renaissance

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The Italian Renaissance
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• A Rebirth of ..Classical learning Greek and
  Latin
• OR
• Identification with the idea of Europe? In
  opposition to others Africans, Muslims, Turks,
  Asians

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Why Italy?
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Italian City States
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• Roughly 1350-1600
• Milan, Florence, Venice, Papal States, Naples
• Almost Constant Warfare
• Trade
• Banking (vs. usury)
• Later the fall of Constantinople (1453)

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• Gian Galeazzo Cosimo
• Visconti (Milan) de' Medici
• (Florence)
• Petrarch (Florence)

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luomo universale

• refined taste, ease of manner, manly pursuits,
  knowledge of classics, history, philosophy
  appreciation for music, painting, architecture,
  and sculpture. Connoisseur of all things rare
  and beautiful, but not excessively so. Education
  of the mind and body.
• complete man or modern term?

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Cultural Impact

• Philosophy NeoPlatonism
• Education Humanism
• Literature in vernacular (Dante)
• Music http//www.pbm.com/lindahl/del/misc/multim
  edia.html
• Sculpture Classical Realism
• Painting Perspective, chiaroscuro
• Architecture Domes and Cathedrals
• Science experiments, alchemy

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Neo Platonism

• diffusion into a variety of philosophies and
  cultural activities, such as literature,
  painting, and music.
• Synthesis of Christianity with classical
  philosophy and other belief systems.

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Humanism

• Petrarch (1304-1374)
• Focus on Cicero
• mixing present society and worldview with the
  works and thoughts of the ancient world.
• Focus on Civic Virtue

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Sculpture

• David
• by
• Donatello
• c.1408
• and
• Michelangelo
• c. 1500

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Painting
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Architecture

• Brunelleschi's
• Dome Florence
• Milans Cathedral

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Science
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Social Hierarchy-class Conflict

• Old Nobility and Merchant Class
• Capitalists and Bankers (new group)
• Small scale Merchants and Trades people
• Poor People
• Slaves

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Papal objectives

• 1.) reassert the supreme authority of the pope
• 2.) bring about a uniformity of Christian belief
• 3.) recover political power of the Papal States
  so that the papacy could remain politically
  neutral
• 4.) protect Christianity from Islam, primarily by
  driving the Ottoman Turks out of Europe and
  freeing Constantinople.

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Alexander VI

• Rodrigo Borgia
• Lucretia

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