SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING

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SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING ACADEMIC RESOURCES
COALITION An initiative of the Association of
Research Libraries

• Open Access
• Changing the
• Scholarly Communication
• Landscape
• Research Innovation Scholarship The Role of
  Open
• Access Publishing CARL-ABRC November 21, 2002
• Rick Johnson SPARC Enterprise Director
  (rick_at_arl.org)

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News of Recent Weeks
Germany's Green party may propose legislation to
require German professors to publish their
research articles in open access journals or
archives. The Greens cite the OAI, BOAI, and
SPARC in support of their position.
The Dutch government announced it will fund DARE
(Digital Academic Repositories), a collective
initiative by the Dutch universities to make all
their research results digitally accessible.
MIT formally launched DSpace, an effort to create
a long-term digital library encompassing the
intellectual output of MIT scholars and
researchers. One of its boldest projects in
years. Boston Globe
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Universities in Cyberspace
Serials Crisis
Faculty Expectations
Institutional Objectives
Networked Digital Environment
OPEN_at_CCESS Free, unrestricted access on the
public internet to the literature that scholars
give to the world without expectation of payment.
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Open Access Movements

• Open Archives Initiative
• Technology focus (e.g., interoperability)
• Budapest Open Access Initiative
• Facilitated concerted action among various
  advocacy groups/efforts
• Creative Commons
• Using digital rights to expand access
• The Guild Model
• Department-based certification/publication
• SPARC

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Whats In It for Libraries?

• Strategy to regain the initiative in the wake of
  the serials crisis
• Means of advancing core library values
• Explores new roles for libraries in the digital
  value chain
• Avenue for building partnerships with faculty
• Way for library agenda to support institutional
  objectives

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Aggregated System

• Scholarly publishing comprises four functions
• Traditional journals integrate these functions

T R A D I T I O N A L J O U R N A L
Roosendaal, Hans E. and Peter A. Th. M. Geurts
(1998). Forces and functions in scientific
communication an analysis of their interplay.
CRISP 97
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Disaggregated System

• Scholarly publishing comprises four functions
• Allow functions to be fulfilled independently by
  discrete, networked service providers
• Lower prices by increasing cost efficiency
• introduce competition throughout value chain
• force market efficiency of individual links

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How the Pieces Work Together
Content
Services
Interoperability Standards
Registration e.g. by institutions
Institutional Repositories
Author
Reader
Certification e.g. peer review
Disciplinary Repositories
Awareness e.g. search tools, linking
Peer-to-peer Repositories
Archiving e.g. by library
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Open Access Strategies

• Budapest Open Access Initiative calls for
• action in two areas
• 1. Open Archiving
• 2. Open Access Journals

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Open Access Strategies

• Budapest Open Access Initiative calls for
• action in two areas
• 1. Open Archiving
• Institutional repositories
• Disciplinary repositories
• Peer-to-peer repositories
• 2. Open Access Journals

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Why Institutional Repositories?

• Faculty already are posting their work on
  personal and departmental web sites
• PrePRINT Network (www.osti.gov/preprints)
  identifies over 7,600 preprint sites in
  physical sciences
• More than preprints working papers,
  post-prints, data sets, digital monographs,
  conference papers, theses dissertations,
  listserv archives, etc.
• Risk of transience, lack of interoperability
• Libraries can help...

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SPARC Institutional Repositories

• IR resources available at SPARC web site
• White paper
• The Case for Institutional Repositories
• Resource guide
• Articles
• D-Lib Magazine
• ARL Bimonthly Report
• Workshops
• Discussion list

Now on the CARL website A Guide to Setting-Up
an Institutional Repository www.carl-abrc.ca
NEW
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Open Access Journals

• Alternative to the subscription-fee model of cost
  recovery
• Might exist as repository overlays
• But how do open access journals pay their
  operating expenses?

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Paying the Cost of Publication

• Article publication fees
• Institution submission charge
• Institutional contributions subsidies
• Grants
• Named gifts
• Off-print sales to authors
• Advertising
• Sponsorships
• Partnerships
• Convenience format licenses
• Differentiated printed version
• Premium online version

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SPARC Open Access Journals

• SPARC Consulting Group project for
• Open Society Institute
• Guide to business planning for launching a new
  open access journal
• Guide to business planning for converting an
  existing subscription-based journal to open
  access
• Availability Winter 2002/03

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SPARC Open Access Journals

• SPARC open access journal partners
• SPONSOR
• Algebraic Geometric Topology INSTITUTION
• BioMed Central COMMERCIAL
• Documenta Mathematica INSTITUTION
• Geometry Topology INSTITUTION
• Journal of Insect Science INSTITUTION
• Journal of Machine Learning
• Research INSTITUTION
• New Journal of Physics SOCIETY

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What Libraries Can Do

• Open archiving
• Establish an institutional repository.
• Help faculty deposit their preprints and working
  papers, published articles, enduring teaching
  materials, etc.
• Open access journals
• Help open access journals launched at your
  institution become known to other libraries,
  indexing services, potential funders, and
  potential readers.

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What Libraries Can Do

• Make sure scholars at your institution know how
  to find open access journals and repositories in
  their fields. Set up tools to allow them to
  access these.
• As open access journals proliferate, and as their
  usage and impact grow, cancel over-priced
  journals that do not measure up.
• Familiarize yourself with the issues see Create
  Change at ltwww.createchange.orggt.
• Support SPARC to multiply your effort.

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Create Change!
Although the battle is being fought over
subscription prices, what is really at stake...is
the scientific process itself. New York Times,
Dec. 8, 1998 Contact SPARC sparc_at_arl.org