Exercise 2: Microscope

1

• Exercise 2 Microscope
• page 9
• Handling the microscope
• Always carry with both hands, one on the
  arm and one on the base.
• Storing the microscope
• Always turn the light to the lowest
  setting.
• Always point the 4x down.

2
Using the Microscope

• Clean the lenses with lens paper before and after
  viewing.
• Make sure the light is on the lowest setting
  before and after viewing.
• Adjust the binocular lenses to suit your eyes.
• Start with the coarse adjustment to locate what
  youre viewing, then use the fine adjustment.
• Once youve moved up from the 4x lens, use ONLY
  the FINE ADJUSTMENT.

3
Procedure 2.1 The letter e

• Turn to page 12.
• Pick up a letter e slide from the table and
  place it on the microscope stage.
• Work through procedures a-f under number 7
  following along with the instructor.

4
Procedure 2.5
Preparing a Wet Mount Slide

• Turn to page 16.
• 1. Obtain a slide and clean it with lens
  paper.
• 2. Place a drop of pond water in the middle of
  the slide.
• 3. Add a drop of slogo to the slide and mix it
  with a toothpick.
• 4. Gently lower a coverslip over the drops.
• 5. Examine under the 4x and then with
  higher magnifications.

5
A Wet Mount of Hydrodictyon

• Prepare the same way as before but without the
  slogo.
• Examine with the 4x lens and up to the 40x. DO
  NOT USE THE 100X LENS!
• Refer to Figure 2.6 on page 16 in your lab manual
  for a picture.
• If you have any questions, ASK!

6
Hydrodictyon
7
Exercise 3 Cell Structure -Pg.21

• Two types of cells
• Prokaryotic bacteria, cyanobacteria
• 1.Do not contain a membrane-bound nucleus or
  any other membrane-bound organelles.
• 2. Cytoplasm enclosed by plasma membrane,
  surrounded by cell wall.
• 3. Cell wall often covered by a gel like
  capsule.
• 4. They also have outgrowths called flagella
  and pili that help them move.

8
Eukaryotic plant and animal cells 1.Contain a
membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound
organelles. 2. Plant cells contain chloroplasts
in which photosynthesis occurs. 3. Eukaryotic
cells also contain organelles called
mitochondria in which aerobic respiration
occurs.
9
Prokaryotic Cell
10
Eukaryotic Cell- Animal Cell
11
Eukaryotic Cell- Plant Cell
12
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

• Proc. 3.1 Nostoc (oil immersion)
• Proc. 3.2 Lactobacillus

• Proc. 3.3 Elodea
• Proc. 3.4 Diospyros
• Proc. 3.5 Onion
• Proc. 3.7 Potato
• Proc. 3.10 Paramecium

Demos also done by the instructor first
13
Nostoc
14
Elodea
15
Onion Slice
16
Potato Stained with Iodine
17
Paramecium