Westward Ho

1
Westward Ho!

• The First Phase in Westward Expansion of the
  United States

2
The New Orleans Issue

• Western Farmers needed a place to bring goods
• France on verge of war with Britain, afraid
  Louisiana will be lost
• Monroe goes to Paris to buy New Orleansoffered
  Lousiana for 25 million!
• We pay only 15 million

3
The Louisiana Purchase

• U.S. doubles in size!
• Over 800,000 square miles
• Less than 20 per square mile

4
Doubting Thomas

• Jefferson is a Republicanbelieves in STRICT
  interpretation of Constitution
• Some Federalists balk and oppose him, some people
  fear its too much land to control
• Western settlers thrilled!
• Jefferson reelected in a landslide in 1804

5
Problems With the Purchase

• Over 200,000 Native Americans, French and Spanish
  settlers live within borders
• Rumors about what was there
• Giants, mountain of salt, mysterious ruinsnot
  much really known about what was out there
• Jefferson and the general public need answers!!

6
Enter the explorers!

• Jefferson hires Meriwether Lewis and William
  Clark
• Their mission Find a route to the Pacific, open
  trade with any Native Americans they meet, and
  most importantly

Im the Boss, Need the info!
7
Which way did they go, boss?

• They try to find water route to the Pacific

They leave from St. Louisa sleepy town with 180
houses.
Initially, they follow the Missouri River
8
A Multicultural Expedition

• YorkClarks African-American slave
• Becomes a celebrity with the Native
  Americansmany have never seen a black man
  before. Some say it helped in forming
  relationships with Native tribes.

9
A Multicultural Expedition

• Sacajawea17-year old bride of Toussaint
  Charbonneau, a guide for the expedition.
• Had been kidnapped from her Shoshone homeland as
  a young child
• Served as an interpreter for Lewis and Clark to
  native Americans in what is now known as the
  Dakotas and Montana.
• They encounter her brother, Cameahwait, whom she
  persuades to lead them through Rocky Mountain
  passes before Winter, 1805.

10
Home Sweet Home

• Lewis and Clark return after over two years of
  Exploring the Louisiana Purchase.
• Other explorers go west, including Pike, who
  explores land near present day Colorado
• Pikes Peak!
• People become interested in leaving crowded
  East--begin to move West!

11
The New Nation Tested at War

• Britain and France at war in early 1800s
• U.S. Officially neutral--wanted to keep trading
  with both nations
• War in a deadlock

12
Defending Sea Rights

• Britain and France begin seizing American ships.
• British Navy begins impressing U.S. sailors
• No, not that kind of impressing
• Forcing American sailors into service in the Navy
  against their will.
• Jefferson issues Embargo Act--No Foreign trade
  allowed

13
The Dambargo

• New England not happy--depend on trade
• Some talk about secession
• Jefferson repeals before he leaves office

14
Hello, Mr. Madison

• Madison thought hed struck a deal with Napoleon,
  but French still seized U.S. ships
• Southerners and Westerners wanted to open up more
  Western lands from Brits and native
  Americans--favored war with Britain
• This group called the War Hawks
• New England not happy--call it Mr. Madisons war,
  a death blow to liberty

15
Uh, oh

• Native American tribes unite under Tecumseh, join
  Brits, and defeat American attacks in Canada
• No conquering Canada, annexing it to U.S.

16
End to the War

• U.S. has some success at sea, but British Navy
  still blockading North America
• Much success on Great Lakes
• Battle of New Orleans--Andrew Jackson becomes
  folk hero of the people
• Attack on Fort McHenry (Baltimore)--rockets
  glaring through the night, bombs bursting--but we
  keep the fort--that might make a good song
  someday!

17
Peace without Victory

• Negotiators had met two weeks before Battle of
  New Orleans
• Reset pre-war boundaries, but didnt resolve sea
  trading issues
• Biggest victory of the war--national pride and
  unity