TETRA RELEASE 2

1
TETRA RELEASE 2

• Dr. M. Nouri
• New Technologies Senior Manager
• Marconi Mobile

2
Agenda

• 1. TETRA 2 Terms of Reference.
• 2. TETRA 2 Organization and Work Plan.
• 3. User Requirements for High Speed Data(HSD).
• 4. Technologies for HSD (TAPS and TEDS).
• 5. Codec Issues.
• 6. Air Interface Enhancements.
• 7. Conclusions.

3
Rationale for TETRA Release 2

• To provide TETRA community with emerging
  wide-band multi-media services.
• To prolong the life cycle of TETRA technology.
• To provide an upgrade path to TETRA 1 users.
• To provide inter-working with new public mobile
  networks (2.5G / 3G).
• To ensure future proof investment to TETRA users.
• Glean benefits of new technology deployments.

4
EP TETRA Revised Terms of Referenceapproved at
Board28

• To provide packet data at much higher speeds than
  are available in the current standard.
• To select and standardize additional speech
  codec(s).
• To further enhance the TETRA air interface
  standard.
• To produce and/or adopt standards to provide
  improved interworking and roaming between TETRA
  and public mobile networks.
• To evolve the TETRA SIM.
• To extend the operating range of TETRA.
• To provide new ETSI deliverables in order to
  support further user/market driven requirements
  that may be identified.
• To ensure full backward compatibility and
  integration with existing TETRA standards.

5
ETSI Project TETRA Organisation October 2002
EPT
EPT
Chairman
Chairman
EPT
EPT
Vice
Vice
ETSI
Chairman
ETSI
Chairman
Technical officer
TETRA
TETRA
MoU
MoU
Liaison
Liaison
ETSI
ETSI
Regulatory
Support
Regulatory
Support
ITU, CEPT, ETSI
Spectrum
Spectrum
Liaison
Liaison
WG1
WG1
WG4
WG6
WG8
WG3
WG5
WG8
WG4
WG5
WG6
WG3
User
User
Security
HSD
DMO
HSD
Vocoders
Security
DMO
Vocoders
TMO
TMO
Requirements
SIM
SIM
PEI
PEI
6
TETRA Release 2 Work Programme

• TETRA Release 2 is a three year work programme.
• The latest work schedule was agreed by EPT in
  March 2002.
• The services of experts in a Specialist Task
  Force (STF) are used in the completion of this
  programme.

7
User Requirements Specifications (URSs)

• Responsibility of EPT Working Group 1 (EPT-WG1).
• Early Trends Telecomms Boom.
• Need to Closely Monitor the Market.
• EPT-WG1/MoU Questionnaire.
• WG1/WG4 HSD User Workshop.
• Set of Revised User Requirement Specifications.
• Results.
• Continuous Interaction with Technical Working
  Groups.

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Need to Closely Monitor the Market

• Recent developments in the PAMR market have
  raised the question about validity of the current
  URS.
• WG1 was tasked by the EPT Management Committee
• to closely follow market developments
• to continuously evaluate their potential impact
  on R2 URSs
• to revalidate URS as soon as a significant change
  is detected.
• Success of Release 2 depends on close monitoring
  of mobile comms. market ability to swiftly
  reflect any significant change into the URS.

9
Market Questionnaire - how to go about it?

• Target audience both current and prospective
  TETRA users.
• Distributed by ETSI Project TETRA and TETRA MoU.
• Confidentiality to respondents was assured.
• More than half of Questionnaire dealt with the
  High Speed Data (HSD).
• Additional explanatory notes were designed to
  minimise possible ambiguities.
• Respondents asked to prioritise requirements by
  the imaginary monetary spend of 100 units.

10
The Results - Example High Speed Data

• Mandatory requirements
• Backward compatibility
• Service flexibility
• Security compatibility
• As marketable as Release 1.
• Other important requirements
• Ease of Infrastructure upgrade
• Minimal need for extra B/Ss
• Flexible upgrade to 400kbps
• Efficient use of spectrum
• Ease of MS upgrade.

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Two Track Standardisation
TETRA RELEASE 2
TAPS
TEDS

• TETRA Enhanced Data Service
• Full Compatibility with TETRA 1
• Allows migration from TETRA 1
• Standardisation in progress
• 5 technologies proposed initially
• Designed for all TETRA market
• sectors

• TETRA Advanced Packet Service
• An Overlay network
• Based on the E-GPRS technology
• Standardisation drafting completed
• Designed for PAMR market

12
TAPS Architecture Interfaces
13
TAPS Status

• ETSI has approved
• Technical European Standards,
• Standard Guide,
• Test Purposes.
• SRD being progressed through ERM depending on
  results of co-existence work in CEPT.
• CHS is in problem resolution public enquiry
  complete with comments received.
• Various issues being worked with GERAN such as
  co-existence and maintenance. GERAN has agreed to
  look after TAPS maintenance.
• TAPS Integration on hold until issues with TAPS
  initial release resolved, user requirements
  agreed, and TEDS no longer fully occupies WG4.
• TAPS was largely completed in 2001 after a year
  of intense effort.

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Developments in TEDS Standardisation

• A review of the User Requirements to reflect
  changing market conditions and resolve
  conflicting issues.
• A TETRA Release 2 User Workshop was jointly
  organised with WG1 resulting in
• Most applications in early systems will be
  satisfied with a 50 to 80 kbit/s user rate
• Minimum of 50 kbit/s shall be available at the
  edge of the coverage
• Adaptive technology and higher data rate should
  also be provided by the selected technology for
  future proofing
• Need for simultaneous voice and HSD operation
  with priority for voice if required
• 1W maximum transmit power for handsets and
  possibly 3W maximum for vehicular radio.
• Technology submissions were revised taking these
  factors into account.

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TEDS Technology Solution

• In July 4 this year WG4 reached a consensus on a
  technology solution.
• This was based on a compromise solution agreed by
  six companies who had submitted technology
  proposals.
• WG4 then raised a Work Plan for the remaining
  standardisation issues
• Remainder of the physical layer
• Higher layer protocols
• Adaptive usage of system resources.
• This plan makes as much use of existing TETRA 1
  standard as possible to ensure backward
  compatibility (e.g. use of TETRA1 control
  channel).
• WG4 has set a goal of completing TEDS
  standardisation by December 2003.

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Selected Technology Parameters (1)

• Multi-carrier platform with TDMA carriers.
• Adaptive selection of carriers, modulation and
  coding according to propagation conditions.
• Agreed modulation schemes
• 4 QAM for efficient links at edge of coverage
• 16 QAM for moderate speeds
• 64 QAM for high speed
• ?/4 DQPSK for common control channel
• D8PSK for early migration requiring modest
  increase in speed
• Optimised channel coding is under offer for the
  STF 179 work.
• Carrier bandwidths 25, 50, 100 and 150 kHz.

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Selected Technology Parameters (2)

• Pilot symbol used for channel estimation.
• Full and half slot sizes
• 14.176 ms for 25 kHz and possibly 50 kHz with low
  level modulation,
• 7.08 ms for higher bandwidth carriers and higher
  level modulations.
• Each QAM carrier is composed of a number of
  sub-carriers at base-band.
• Gross bit rates ranging from 54 kbit/s (8PSK in
  25 kHz) to 864 kbit/s (64 QAM in 150 kHz).
• Expected user bit rates in the region of 30 to
  400 kbit/s
• TETRA 1 higher layer protocols to be adapted for
  TEDS.

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Codecs Initial Achievements

• WG5 has identified a list of potential codec
  candidates meeting the URS issued by WG1 for
  TETRA2. This list includes the 3GPP/GSM AMR Codec
  (_at_4.75 kbit/s), the ITU 4 kbit/s, and NATO codec.
  
• As part of it's work, WG5 considers that at the
  moment the only codec which is mature enough to
  address WG1's user requirements for TETRA2 is the
  3GPP/GSM AMR Codec (_at_4.75 kbit/s).

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Comparison of the URS with the Codec Technologies
20
TETRA in 3G Era
Network Management
Service Nodes
Customer Care Billing
UMTS Core Network Transit Layer
Network Management
TETRA1 Access
Gateway
TETRA Infrastructure
UMTS Access
GSM Access
TAPS Access
TETRA1 TEDS Access
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TETRA Release 2, Air Interface Enhancements
EP TETRA (EPT) formed a special work group called
TG23

• Participants were mainly from working groups
• EPT WG1 User requirements
• EPT WG2 Radio aspects
• EPT WG3 Networking aspects.
• Improving spectrum efficiency, capacity, and
  system
• performance.
• Improved hand-over
• Hierarchical cell structures
• Frequency hopping and fractional loading.

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TETRA Release 2, Air Interface Enhancements
(contd.)

• 2. Improving terminal characteristics
• Improved battery life
• Energy economy mode
• Discontinuous transmission
• Open and closed loop power control
• RF characteristics.
• 3. Optimization of frame structures and
  protocols
• Protocol enhancements
• Reduced speech delay.
• 4. User requirements implementation issues
• TETRA LCS (Location Service)
• Extended range capability.

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TETRA Air Interface EnhancementsJoint WG2/WG3
Study Results

• These air interface enhancements are not
  replacing TETRA release 1 but improving the
  performance of it!
• More than 99.9 of TETRA release 1 is still
  valid, applicable and available today!
• EP TETRA must carefully set enhancement
  priorities.
• Make a more detailed technical study of the
  recommended items in working groups.

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Spectrum

• TETRA Spectrum Assignments
• CEPT ERC Decisions 96 (01) and 96 (04)

Possible Civil Allocations in some Countries
and/or PSS Expansion band
PAMR TETRA (Shared) (Country Specific) Spectrum
Available Now (in most European
Countries) Early Private TETRA (PMR)
Adopters (Country Specific Allocations) Limited
Spectrum available
PMR PAMR (Civil TETRA) (Country Specific
Allocations) Limited Spectrum Available (Requires
re-farming in most Countries)
Emergency Services Spectrum Available Now (in
most European Countries)
380
390
400
410
420
430
450
460
470
440
MHz
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Spectrum (contd.)

• FM 38
• The TAPS System Reference Document (SRD) is
  being
• progressed.
• Some Cellular Operators are opposed to TAPS in
  the 870-
• 921 MHz band because it is adjacent to the GSM
• expansion band and could cause interference.
• The same potential for interference could apply
  to the
• GSM-R band.

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Summary

• Set of TETRA Release 2 User Requirement
  Specifications (URS) has been created by the EPT
  and TETRA users.
• TAPS overlay High Speed Data standardisation has
  been completed and TEDS integrated HSD
  standardisation is to be completed by late 2003.
• The 3GPP AMR Codec (_at_ 4.75kBit/s) has been
  selected for inclusion in TETRA Release 2 to
  allow inter-working with 3G networks without
  transcoding. A NATO codec is also under
  consideration as a second addition to Release 2
  system.
• A number of air interface enhancements have been
  identified and included in the work plan. These
  enhancements are not replacing TETRA release 1
  but improving its performance!. More than 99.9
  of TETRA release 1 is still valid, applicable and
  available today!
• A number of challenges still to overcome before
  Release 2 is fully standardised and the future
  upgradability of TETRA safeguarded.

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Potential Challenges for TETRA Release 2

• Technology Choices
• Expertise and Resources
• Investment Priorities
• Frequency Spectrum
• Meeting user Expectations
• Regulatory
• Alternative Technology Choices
• Market Fragmentation
• Maintaining a Multi Vendor Market

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Conclusions

• TETRA Release 2 guarantees longevity of TETRA by
  providing additional capability to support HSD
  and multimedia services to TETRA community.
• Overall, the programme is going well allowing for
  adjustments dictated by market changes.
• Selected technologies ensure that TETRA Release
  2 addresses the HSD needs of the whole TETRA
  Community from small TETRA 1 upgrades to large
  operator networks.
• Potential challenges have been identified, with
  both EPT and TETRA MoU at work to address these
  challenges.