U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

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Are We There Yet? Energy Targets 2005 USGBC
GreenBuild Conference 10 November 2005
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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Agenda

• Are We There Yet?
• Why Energy Performance?
• Performance Rating Systems
• Codes and Performance
• Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR
• The ENERGY STAR Challenge
• Tools of the Trade
• ENERGY STAR
• EPA Energy Performance Rating System
• LEED Rating System
• Recognition
• DEMO

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Are WE There Yet?

• New Construction Energy Performance Must Be
  Modeled/Simulated/Calculated
• no energy bills before a building is constructed
  and occupied
• energy performance is calculated/simulated
• Simulation may, or may not, fit with eventual
  reality

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Are WE There Yet?

• Difficult to Predicting Building Energy Uses
• Human behavior
• Change in business function
• Plug loads
• New technologies
• No real life data

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Are WE There Yet?

• Energy Modeling and Simulation
• Modeling tools are difficult to master
• Limited in what they can do
• Based on assumptions and data inputs
• Time consuming to transfer data from drawings to
  software
• Modelers not held accountable for energy savings

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Are WE There Yet?

• The Feedback Loop
• Monitoring end uses of occupied building
• Check whether energy goals were met
• Feedback provided by monitoring will help ensure
  the efficient performance of systems
• Use consistent metric for intended and operating
  performance
• Use benchmark based performance targets and
  compare to actual performance

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Why Energy Performance?

• Commercial buildings are big contributors to
• greenhouse gas emissions
• peak electricity demand
• natural gas demand
• Many cost-effective improvements
• efficient building uses 40 less than average
  buildings
• paybacks of less than 3 to 5 years
• Provide leadership for targeting/measuring/promoti
  ng building energy efficiency
• Design to operations

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Why Energy Performance?

• Electricity blackouts
• Natural gas shortages/costs
• Global warming
• Prevent greenhouse gas emissions
• Oil imports/prices
• Environmental stewardship
• Cost savings for clients

In 2003, Americans with the help of ENERGY STAR
saved enough energy to power about 20 million
homes.
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Major Players

• USGBC LEED
• provides points for beating code
• prereq only require meeting ASHRAE 90.1 or local
  code
• 17 out of possible 69 points for EA credit
• comprehensive building rating
• Utility programs
• traditionally reward putting widgets in buildings
  and beating code
• some piloting EPA rating system
• ENERGY STAR
• requires energy performance in the top 25
• same rating scale for design and operating
  buildings

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New Approach

• Whole Building Performance
• promotes integrated systems and design
• about energy savings -- not presence of new
  technology
• achieve twice the savings for a given investment
• Performance Measurement System
• provide definitive metric design and operating
  buildings
• fix missing market information
• how to measure efficiency / performance
• How to set realistic targets
• provide information linked to real market
  transactions
• (energy bills, actual energy consumption data)
• Leadership in the market place
• overcome confusion over role of codes
• make utility programs more robust
• drive green building programs

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Predicted Performance
Source NBI, California Board for Energy
Efficiency, EPA
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Energy Codes

• Codes set minimum and prescriptive approach
• BUT many link efficiency to beating code
• AND buildings can beat code (10, 20, 30) and not
  perform as intended

• Code-Based Systems
• about components
• ignore site/orientation, fuel
• choice, HVAC choice
• Issues
• good design choices not rewarded
• customer does not see benefits of efficiency

20 better than code
10 better than code
Energy Use
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EPA Performance Rating Systems
Is 65.7 kBtu/sf/yr high or low for a building?
EPA Energy Performance Rating
Fuel Efficiency Rating MPG
Is 10 MPG high or low for an automobile?
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EPA Energy Performance Rating

• Measures efficiency on a 1 100 scale
• Based on actual energy consumption -- energy
  bills
• Normalizes building energy consumption weather,
  hours, occupant density, plug load (for existing
  buildings)
• Benchmarks against similar buildings in national
  stock
• Can use to establish energy target building
  design
• Defines efficiency -- score of 75 or better
• Top 25 qualify for ENERGY STAR label or
  Designed to Earn ENERGY STAR
• Verified by PE/AOR

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ENERGY STAR Overview

• Qualified Products
• Consumer products
• Commercial building products
• New Homes Home Improvement
• Home Energy Rating System
• Commercial Buildings
• EPA Energy Performance Rating
• Designed to Earn ENERGY STAR design projects
• Labels existing buildings

To date, American consumers have purchased more
than one billion ENERGY STAR qualified products,
which have helped reduce greenhouse gas emissions
by more than 485 billion pounds.
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Are Your Projects
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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The Challenge

• Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR Deliver
  Building Designs with Superior Energy Efficiency
• What Promote greater efficiency in commercial
  building designs
• Why Design matters in delivering buildings that
  can reduce Greenhouse gas emissions
• How ENERGY STAR national platform
• Business Challenge
• Strategic A/E partners
• Benefits Promotes integrated design deliver
  top performance

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Design Process
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Design Projects

• Achieve of rating 75 or higher
• Architect of Record submit Design Intent to EPA
  
• Display the Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR
  graphic
• Earn EPA recognition for A/E Firms

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Design Projects

• Statement of Energy Design Intent
• Documents performance
• Design and ENERGY STAR
• EPA Rating
• Energy Performance Rating
• Total annual energy use (kBtu/sf/yr)
• Total annual energy cost
• Greenhouse gas emissions

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Design Projects
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ENERGY STAR makes it easy

• Establish a benchmark-based target
• Document energy design that meet
• superior performance criteria
• Associate designs with nationally
• recognized symbol for energy efficiency
• Determine if operating building achieves
• superior energy performance
• Compare actual building performance
• to design intent

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TOOLS of the TRADE

• ENERGY STAR
• Energy Performance Rating
• LEED Rating System

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EPAs Target Finder
Architects and engineers working on the project
have reported that the benchmark-based
performance targets are effective in fostering
high-efficiency design. (Daly 2002, Davis 2002)
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Target Finder

• EPA tool for new construction Target Finder
• uses the EPA Energy Performance Rating
• determine an annual energy target
• building design
• compare energy use from
• calculations with your target
• monitor your design's energy
• performance as design progress
• Compare energy costs of
• many design strategies

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EPAs Portfolio Manager
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EPAs Portfolio Manager

• Existing buildings (utility data)
• Rating tool Portfolio Manager
• Benchmark energy performance
• Normalizes for factors that affect energy use
  intensity
• Data source DOE-CBECS
• Provides GHG reductions
• Energy costs savings

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LEED ENERGY STAR

• LEED NC v.2.2 will require consumption target
• Not a credit award but a submittal requirement to
  document intent SEDI
• LEED EB and EPA Energy Performance Rating

Prerequisite Rating 60
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Recognition

• DESIGNS
• LEADERS
• LABELS

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LEADERS in the Challenge

• Associations
• Alliance to Save Energy (ASE)
• American Hotel Lodging Association (AHLA)
• American Society for Healthcare Engineering of
  the American Hospital Association (ASHE)
• Association of Energy Engineers
• Association of School Business Officials
  International (ASBO)
• Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA)
• California State Teachers' Retirement System
  (CalSTRS)
• Council of Educational Facility Planners
  International (CEFPI)
• Council of Great City Schools
• Delaware
• Efficiency Vermont
• Food Marketing Institute (FMI)
• Institute for Sustainable Energy
• Illinois
• Maine
• National Association of Counties (NACo)
• National Association of Energy Service Companies
  (NAESCO)

• Partners
• The 2004 ENERGY STAR Leaders include the
  following organizations
• Achieving a 10-point improvement portfolio-wide
• Colorado Springs School District 11-Colorado
  Springs, CO
• The Vanguard Group-Valley Forge, PA
• Achieving a 20-point improvement portfolio-wide
• Cambridge Savings Bank-Cambridge, MA
• Achieving an average portfolio-wide rating of 75
  or better
• Cambridge Savings Bank-Cambridge, MA
• Columbus Hospitality-Columbus, OH
• Food Lion-Salisbury, NC
• Giant Eagle-Pittsburgh, PA
• Granite Properties-Plano, TX
• HE Butt Grocery Company-San Antonio, TX
• USAA Real Estate Company-San Antonio, TX
• Completing the portfolio-wide baseline
• Academy School District 20-Colorado Springs, CO
• Douglas, Emmett Company-Los Angeles, CA

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Architecture Engineering Firms
Innovative Design Krueck Sexton Pearce
Brinkley Cease Lee RBB Architects Small Kane
Architects Alicia Ravetto Architects EMC
Engineers
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Designed to Earn
Guilford Northern Middle School Greensboro, NC
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Commercial Buildings Rated
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Good Business

• TIAA-CREF
• Largest private employee pension fund in the
  world
• Since 2003, require property managers to use EPA
  performance rating for investment properties
• Morgan Stanley (Lend Lease)
• Largest U.S. real estate asset management company
• Since 2003, require property managers to use EPA
  performance rating for investment properties
• CA Teachers Retirement System
• 3rd largest public employee pension fund in U.S.
• As of Jan 2005, require property managers to use
  EPA performance rating for investment properties
• Investment Fund Managers
• 10 funds, with 215 B under management, have
  endorsed ENERGY STAR
• Recognize ENERGY STAR participation as a best in
  class management practice
• Commercial Real Estate
• Reducing energy use by 30 is like increasing NOI
  and building asset value by 5
• Hospitality (4 billion in energy costs per year)
• 10 energy savings is like a 1.35 ADR increase
  for a full service hotel

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Join

• Building owners/developers
• Home builders
• Industrial/Manufacturers
• Retailers
• Service Product Providers
• Architects Engineers
• Utilities Energy Efficiency Sponsors

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If its not energy efficient
Economic success and environmental protection go
hand in hand. The steps we are taking today will
ensure a cleaner environment and a brighter
future for generations to come. - Governor Mitt
Romney (Massachusetts)
its not sustainable.
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• Contact Information
• Karen P. Butler, U.S. EPA ENERGY STAR
• butler.karen_at_epa.gov
• 202.343.9717
• Steve Jurovics, Ph.D., LEED AP (EPA Contractor)
• sjurovics_at_cadmusgroup.com
• 919.403.5104
• Gail Lindsey, FAIA, LEED AP (EPA Contractor)
• glindsey_at_direcway.com

ENERGY STAR Hotline 1 888 STAR YES
(1.888.782.7937) New Building Design Webpage
www.energystar.gov/newbuildingdesign
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• Target Finder Demo

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Tools Resources
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Tools Resources
72
430
50000
450
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Tools Resources
.07
.80
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Tools Resources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
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Tools Resources
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Tools Resources
.07
1087656
.80
15909
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Tools Resources
Cost Difference 17,989 Energy Difference
1,072,509 kBtu
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Tools Resources
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Tools Resources

• Statement of Energy Design Intent
• Documents performance
• Design and ENERGY STAR
• EPA Rating
• Energy Performance Rating
• Total annual energy use (kBtu/sf/yr)
• Total annual energy cost
• Greenhouse gas emissions

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Why Energy Performance?
Greenhouse Gases and Buildings
Data source AEO, 2004
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Why Energy Performance?
Electricity and Buildings
Electricity Sales by Sector
(3,312 B KWh)
100
100
Transport/
90
90
Other
80
3
80
70
70
60
60

Residential
50
50
Commercial
35
40
40
30
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
Commercial End-Use
Residential End-Use
Cooling
Other Appliances Lighting
Lighting
Air Conditioning
Office Equipment
Space Heating
Other
Water Heating
Industrial
Refrigeration
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Ventilation
Space Heating
1999
Cooking
Data source EIA, CBECS
Water Heating
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Why Energy Performance?
Peak Electricity and Buildings
Data source California
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Why Energy Performance?
Natural Gas Use and Buildings
100
100
90
90
Other
80
80
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70
70
60

60
50
Residential
50

40
21
Commercial
40
30
30
14
20
20
10
10
0
0
Residential End-Use
Commercial End-Use
Space Heating
Space Heating
Industrial
Water Heating
Water Heating
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Other Appliances Lighting
Cooking
Other
Cooling
Data source EIA, CBECS
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Peak Natural Gas and Buildings
Why Energy Performance?

• Commercial Buildings
• 30 of peak demand

Data source EIA